Kelly Mackenzie C, Latner Janet D
University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Psychology, 2530 Dole Street, Sakamaki C400, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
Eat Behav. 2015 Apr;17:157-62. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2015.01.016. Epub 2015 Mar 1.
The prevalence of obesity increases as women move from adolescence to young adulthood, and college women have been identified as a population at risk for unhealthy weight gain. Studies of weight gain in college populations have revealed that significant, variable weight change occurs in as few as eight weeks, but few have included participants beyond their freshman year of college or assessed body composition. The aims of the study were to use a repeated measures design to identify patterns of weight change among college women at all grade levels and to evaluate factors that may predict weight change over a one-year period. Undergraduate college women (N=131) completed measures of physical activity, dietary restraint, living conditions, and body dissatisfaction at baseline, 6-months, and 12-months. Height, weight, and body composition were collected at all assessment periods. Forty-four percent of participants gained at least 3lb, 23% lost at least 3lb, and 33% maintained weight over one year. Weight change was associated with changes in body fat and was not related to baseline BMI or age. There were no significant differences between grade levels, suggesting that future studies should include women at all grade levels. Baseline physical activity, dietary restraint, living conditions, and body dissatisfaction did not predict weight change at one year, nor did they differentiate between individuals in the three weight change categories. Further research is needed to identify the factors associated with weight gain in young adult women, and such studies should not be limited to college freshmen.
随着女性从青春期步入青年期，肥胖的患病率不断上升，而大学女生已被认定为体重不健康增加的高危人群。对大学生群体体重增加情况的研究表明，短短八周内就会出现显著且多变的体重变化，但很少有研究纳入大学一年级以上的参与者或评估身体成分。本研究的目的是采用重复测量设计，以确定所有年级的大学女生体重变化模式，并评估可能预测一年体重变化的因素。本科大学女生（N = 131）在基线、6个月和12个月时完成了身体活动、饮食限制、生活条件和身体不满程度的测量。在所有评估期间收集身高、体重和身体成分数据。44%的参与者体重增加至少3磅，23%的参与者体重减轻至少3磅，33%的参与者在一年内体重保持稳定。体重变化与体脂变化相关，与基线体重指数或年龄无关。各年级之间没有显著差异，这表明未来的研究应纳入所有年级的女性。基线时的身体活动、饮食限制、生活条件和身体不满程度均无法预测一年后的体重变化，也无法区分三个体重变化类别中的个体。需要进一步研究以确定与青年成年女性体重增加相关的因素，此类研究不应局限于大学新生。
