Spahn G, Grosser V, Schiltenwolf M, Schröter F, Grifka J
Praxisklinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie Eisenach.
Berufsgenossenschaftliches Unfallkrankenhaus Hamburg.
Sportverletz Sportschaden. 2015 Mar;29(1):27-39. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1385731. Epub 2015 Mar 23.
Aim and Hyopthesis: This systematic review and the metanalysis were performed to investigate the relation between football activity and the potential risk of knee osteoarthritis (possible occupational disease). It was hypothesised that soccer players suffer more than controls from knee osteoarthritis also in cases with an absence of documented major injuries.
The review and the metaanalysis were performed accordingly to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. On 2014.02.01 a search was conducted within the medical databases PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE und Web-of-Science. A total of 4,649 papers underwent a "Title-Abstract-Review". Finally 6 publications were included in the metaanaylsis.
There were no longitudinal community-based studies as well as no Cochrane Reviews regarding the risk of knee osteoarthritis in soccer players. After adjustment of major injuries of the knee, soccer players have a slightly increased risk for knee osteoarthritis: relative risk 1.3 (95 % CI 1.0 - 1.7); I(2) = 37.4 %; p = 0.002. In contrast, in studies without differentiation of injured and non-injured knees, the relative risk was significantly increased: 2.9 (95 % CI 2.0 - 4.1); I(2) = 56.3 %; p < 0.001.
Soccer players are a very heterogeneous group. The soccer player's knee undergoes different loadings including minor and major injuries. But the individual load also strongly depends on the player's status, his position within the football field and many other factors. In the absence of a major trauma the soccer player has only a slightly increased risk for the development of osteoarthritis. Thus we conclude that an injury in professional football does not fulfil the characteristics of an occupational disease.
目的与假设：本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在研究足球运动与膝骨关节炎（可能的职业病）潜在风险之间的关系。假设是，即使在没有记录到重大损伤的情况下，足球运动员患膝骨关节炎的情况也比对照组更严重。
根据PRISMA（系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）指南进行综述和荟萃分析。2014年2月1日，在医学数据库PubMed、Medline、Cochrane、EMBASE和Web of Science中进行了检索。共有4649篇论文经过“标题-摘要-综述”筛选。最终有6篇出版物被纳入荟萃分析。
没有关于足球运动员膝骨关节炎风险的基于社区的纵向研究，也没有Cochrane综述。在调整膝部重大损伤后，足球运动员患膝骨关节炎的风险略有增加：相对风险为1.3（95%可信区间1.0 - 1.7）；I² = 37.4%；p = 0.002。相比之下，在未区分受伤和未受伤膝盖的研究中，相对风险显著增加：2.9（95%可信区间2.0 - 4.1）；I² = 56.3%；p < 0.001。
足球运动员是一个非常多样化的群体。足球运动员的膝盖承受着不同的负荷，包括轻伤和重伤。但个体负荷也强烈取决于运动员的状态、他在足球场上的位置以及许多其他因素。在没有重大创伤的情况下，足球运动员患骨关节炎的风险仅略有增加。因此我们得出结论，职业足球中的损伤不符合职业病的特征。
