Tadic Marijana, Cuspidi Cesare
aUniversity Clinical Hospital Center, 'Dr Dragisa Misovic - Dedinje', Heroja Milana Tepica bFaculty of Medicine, Doktora Subotica, Belgrade, Serbia cUniversity of Milan-Bicocca and Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Clinical Research Unit, Viale della Resistenza, Meda, Italy.
J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2015 Aug;16(8):538-46. doi: 10.2459/JCM.0000000000000261.
Epidemic of obesity, especially morbid obesity, among children and adolescents, is a key factor associated with the dramatic increase in prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and metabolic syndrome in this population. Furthermore, childhood obesity represents a very important predictor of obesity in adulthood that is related to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents are associated with impairment of cardiac structure and function. The majority of studies investigated the influence of obesity on left ventricular remodeling. However, the impact of obesity on the right ventricle, both the atria, and myocardial mechanics has been insufficiently studied. The aim of this review article is to summarize all data about heart remodeling in childhood, from cardiac size, throughout systolic and diastolic function, to myocardial mechanics, using a wide range of mainly echocardiographic techniques and parameters. Additionally, we sought to present current knowledge about the influence of weight loss, achieved by various therapeutic approaches, on the improvement of cardiac geometry, structure, and function in obese children and adolescents.
儿童和青少年肥胖，尤其是病态肥胖的流行，是导致该人群2型糖尿病、动脉高血压和代谢综合征患病率急剧上升的关键因素。此外，儿童肥胖是成年期肥胖的一个非常重要的预测因素，与心血管和脑血管疾病相关。儿童和青少年超重和肥胖与心脏结构和功能受损有关。大多数研究调查了肥胖对左心室重塑的影响。然而，肥胖对右心室、心房和心肌力学的影响尚未得到充分研究。这篇综述文章的目的是使用广泛的主要超声心动图技术和参数，总结关于儿童心脏重塑的所有数据，从心脏大小，到收缩和舒张功能，再到心肌力学。此外，我们试图介绍通过各种治疗方法实现的体重减轻对肥胖儿童和青少年心脏几何形状、结构和功能改善的当前认识。
