Schaffer Marjorie A, Keller Linda Olson, Reckinger Dawn
Nursing, Bethel University, St. Paul, Minnesota.
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Public Health Nurs. 2015 Nov-Dec;32(6):711-20. doi: 10.1111/phn.12191. Epub 2015 Mar 26.
To promote visibility of public health nurses (PHNs), this study identified public health nursing activities and explored PHN perceptions of the impact of their activities on the health of the communities they serve.
Two surveys with questions focusing on PHN activities were made available electronically. Following the initial survey, the second survey had more detailed questions about PHN activities, including time spent and frequency of activities as well as open-ended questions. Sixty staff level PHNs, representing 29 states, completed the first survey; 49 completed the second survey.
Demographic variables and PHN activities were analyzed by population, setting, program, intervention, essential services, and prevention level using descriptive statistics. Themes or categories were determined through a content analysis of responses to three open-ended questions.
PHNs reported a wide variety of activities that included: (1) individual/family, community, and systems intervention levels, (2) primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention, and (3) all 10 Public Health Essential Services. PHNs perceived they perform work that is essential for community health.
PHNs do work that is both visible and invisible. PHNs need to be proactive in promoting all their work to increase the visibility of their contributions to population health.
为提高公共卫生护士（PHN）的知名度，本研究确定了公共卫生护理活动，并探讨了公共卫生护士对其活动对所服务社区健康影响的看法。
通过电子方式提供了两份侧重于公共卫生护士活动的调查问卷。在初次调查之后，第二次调查有关于公共卫生护士活动的更详细问题，包括活动时间、活动频率以及开放式问题。代表29个州的60名员工级公共卫生护士完成了第一次调查；49人完成了第二次调查。
使用描述性统计方法，按人群、环境、项目、干预措施、基本服务和预防级别对人口统计学变量和公共卫生护士活动进行分析。通过对三个开放式问题的回答进行内容分析来确定主题或类别。
公共卫生护士报告了各种各样的活动，包括：（1）个人/家庭、社区和系统干预层面；（2）一级、二级和三级预防；（3）所有10项公共卫生基本服务。公共卫生护士认为他们从事的工作对社区健康至关重要。
公共卫生护士所做的工作既有明显的，也有不明显的。公共卫生护士需要积极宣传他们的所有工作，以提高他们对人群健康贡献的知名度。
