López-López Rutilo, Inzunza-Ibarra Marco Antonio, Sánchez-Cohen Ignacio, Fierro-Álvarez Andrés, Sifuentes-Ibarra Ernesto
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), km. 1 carretera Huimanguillo-Cárdenas, Huimanguillo, Tabasco 86400, México.
Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Relación Agua Suelo Planta Atmósfera (CENID RASPA). INIFAP, Canal Sacramento km 6.5, margen derecha, Gómez Palacio, Dgo 35140, México E-mail:
Water Sci Technol. 2015;71(6):885-91. doi: 10.2166/wst.2015.040.
Habanero pepper production was assessed with drip irrigation and plastic mulch, based on two transplanting dates. The objectives of the study were: (i) to evaluate the effect of two transplanting dates and the use of plastic mulch on water productivity and habanero pepper fruit yield under drip irrigation conditions; and (ii) to determine the profitability and economic viability of the product in the regional market. The work was conducted in the municipality of Huimanguillo, state of Tabasco, Mexico, in loam soils classified as Eutric Fluvisol. The Jaguar variety of habanero pepper, developed by INIFAP and possessing better genetic and productive characteristics, was used. Two transplanting dates were studied, (i) 30 January 2013 and (ii) 15 February 2013, with and without plastic mulch. The conclusions were: (i) application of irrigation depths based on crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and plastic mulch transplanted on 30 January increased the fruit yield of the crop and improved the benefit-cost ratio of the production system; and (ii) water use efficiency based on the 30 January transplanting date was 8.68 kg m⁻³ of water applied with plastic mulch, 6.51 kg m⁻³ without plastic mulch, and 3.65 kg m⁻³ for the 15 February transplanting date with plastic mulch.
基于两个移栽日期，对哈瓦那辣椒采用滴灌和地膜覆盖进行生产评估。本研究的目的是：（i）评估两个移栽日期以及地膜覆盖的使用对滴灌条件下的水分生产率和哈瓦那辣椒果实产量的影响；（ii）确定该产品在区域市场的盈利能力和经济可行性。研究在墨西哥塔巴斯科州韦曼吉约市的壤土上进行，该土壤分类为饱和富铁土。使用了由墨西哥农业和农村发展研究所（INIFAP）培育的、具有更好遗传和生产特性的哈瓦那辣椒捷豹品种。研究了两个移栽日期，即（i）2013年1月30日和（ii）2013年2月15日，分别设置有无地膜覆盖的处理。得出的结论是：（i）基于作物蒸散量（ETc）的灌溉深度应用以及1月30日移栽的地膜覆盖提高了作物的果实产量，并改善了生产系统的效益成本比；（ii）基于1月30日移栽日期，有地膜覆盖时的水分利用效率为8.68千克/立方米施水量，无地膜覆盖时为6.51千克/立方米施水量，2月15日移栽且有地膜覆盖时为3.65千克/立方米施水量。
