Liu Xin-Guang, Wu Si-Qi, Li Ping, Yang Hua
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2015 Sep 10;113:212-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.03.006. Epub 2015 Mar 14.
Flavonoids are the main active constituents in Ginkgo biloba L., which have been suggested to have broad-spectrum free-radical scavenging activities. This review summarizes the recent advances in the chemical analysis of the flavonoids in G. biloba and its finished products (from 2009 to 2014), including chemical composition, sample preparation, separation, detection and different quality criteria. More than 70 kinds of flavonoids have been identified in this plant. In this review, various analytical approaches as well as their chromatographic conditions have been described, and their advantages/disadvantages are also compared. Quantitative analyses of Ginkgo flavonoids applied by most pharmacopeias start with an acidic hydrolysis followed by determination of the resulting aglycones using HPLC. But increasing direct assay of individual flavonol glycosides found that many adulterated products were still qualified by the present tests. To obtain an authentic and applicable analytical approach for quality evaluation of Ginkgo and its finished products, related suggestions and opinions in the recent publications are mainly discussed in this review. This discussion on chemical analyses of Ginkgo flavonoids will also be found as a significant guide for widely varied natural flavonoids.
黄酮类化合物是银杏叶中的主要活性成分，据认为具有广谱自由基清除活性。本综述总结了2009年至2014年期间银杏叶及其制成品中黄酮类化合物化学分析的最新进展，包括化学成分、样品制备、分离、检测及不同的质量标准。该植物中已鉴定出70多种黄酮类化合物。在本综述中，描述了各种分析方法及其色谱条件，并比较了它们的优缺点。大多数药典对银杏黄酮类化合物的定量分析始于酸性水解，然后使用高效液相色谱法测定所得苷元。但对单个黄酮醇苷的直接测定不断增加，发现许多掺假产品仍能通过现行检测。为获得一种可靠且适用的银杏及其制成品质量评价分析方法，本综述主要讨论了近期出版物中的相关建议和意见。对银杏黄酮类化合物化学分析的这一讨论也将成为各种天然黄酮类化合物的重要指南。
