Watanabe Tomoki, Handa Satoko, Kato Yasuhisa
Dept. of Drug Information, School of Pharmacy, Showa University.
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2015 Mar;42(3):335-41.
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is one of the most common and distressing side effects of chemotherapy that decreases patients' quality of life and motivation for treatment. Therefore, prevention and treatment of CINV are essential for motivating patients to continue chemotherapy. International societies such as American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC)/European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) have published guidelines for using antiemetics, and these guidelines were published in Japan in May 2010. However, both the Japananese and international guidelines do not provide sufficient clinical trial-based evidence for antiemetic use in the Japanese population. In this study, we attempted to evaluate and clarify the frequency of CINV in clinical trials in Japan. We found that thet guidelines specify different emetogenic potentials of some antineoplastic agents such as gemcitabine. Therefore, we believe that it is necessary to reevaluate the emetogenic risk of such antineoplastic agents and to develop a practical and standard antiemetic therapy so that in the future, patients do not hesitate to undergo chemotherapy because of side effects.
化疗引起的恶心和呕吐（CINV）是化疗最常见且令人痛苦的副作用之一，会降低患者的生活质量和治疗积极性。因此，预防和治疗CINV对于促使患者继续化疗至关重要。美国临床肿瘤学会（ASCO）、多国癌症支持治疗协会（MASCC）/欧洲医学肿瘤学会（ESMO）以及美国国立综合癌症网络（NCCN）等国际学会已发布了使用止吐药的指南，这些指南于2010年5月在日本发布。然而，日本和国际指南均未提供足够基于临床试验的证据来指导日本人群使用止吐药。在本研究中，我们试图评估并阐明日本临床试验中CINV的发生率。我们发现指南对某些抗肿瘤药物（如吉西他滨）的致吐潜力规定不同。因此，我们认为有必要重新评估此类抗肿瘤药物的致吐风险，并制定切实可行的标准化止吐疗法，以便未来患者不会因副作用而对化疗犹豫不决。
