Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus Ashburn, VA, USA.
Ear Institute, University College London London, UK.
Front Cell Neurosci. 2015 Mar 12;9:74. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00074. eCollection 2015.
The Notch signaling pathway controls differentiation of hair cells and supporting cells in the vertebrate inner ear. Here, we have investigated whether Numb, a known regulator of Notch activity in Drosophila, is involved in this process in the embryonic chick. The chicken homolog of Numb is expressed throughout the otocyst at early stages of development and is concentrated at the basal pole of the cells. It is asymmetrically allocated at some cell divisions, as in Drosophila, suggesting that it could act as a determinant inherited by one of the two daughter cells and favoring adoption of a hair-cell fate. To test the implication of Numb in hair cell fate decisions and the regulation of Notch signaling, we used different methods to overexpress Numb at different stages of inner ear development. We found that sustained or late Numb overexpression does not promote hair cell differentiation, and Numb does not prevent the reception of Notch signaling. Surprisingly, none of the Numb-overexpressing cells differentiated into hair cells, suggesting that high levels of Numb protein could interfere with intracellular processes essential for hair cell survival. However, when Numb was overexpressed early and more transiently during ear development, no effect on hair cell formation was seen. These results suggest that in the inner ear at least, Numb does not significantly repress Notch activity and that its asymmetric distribution in dividing precursor cells does not govern the choice between hair cell and supporting cell fates.
Notch 信号通路控制着脊椎动物内耳毛细胞和支持细胞的分化。在这里,我们研究了果蝇中已知的 Notch 活性调节剂 Numb 是否参与了胚胎鸡内耳中的这一过程。Numb 的鸡同源物在发育早期的卵囊中表达,并集中在细胞的基底极。它在一些细胞分裂中呈不对称分配,就像在果蝇中一样,这表明它可以作为一个决定因素由两个子细胞中的一个继承,并有利于毛细胞命运的选择。为了测试 Numb 在毛细胞命运决定和 Notch 信号转导调控中的作用,我们使用不同的方法在不同的内耳发育阶段过表达 Numb。我们发现,持续或晚期 Numb 的过表达并不能促进毛细胞分化,而且 Numb 也不能阻止 Notch 信号的接收。令人惊讶的是,没有一个 Numb 过表达的细胞分化成毛细胞,这表明高水平的 Numb 蛋白可能会干扰毛细胞生存所必需的细胞内过程。然而,当 Numb 在耳发育早期和更短暂地过表达时,对毛细胞形成没有影响。这些结果表明,在内耳中,至少 Numb 不会显著抑制 Notch 活性,而且其在分裂前体细胞中的不对称分布并不能控制毛细胞和支持细胞命运之间的选择。