Kirsten Catthoor, Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatrisch Ziekenhuis Stuivenberg, B2060 Antwerpen, Belgium.
World J Psychiatry. 2015 Mar 22;5(1):118-25. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v5.i1.118.
To assess presence and severity of associative stigma in family members of psychotic patients and factors for higher associative stigma.
Standardized semi-structured interview of 150 family members of psychotic patients receiving full time treatment. This study on associative stigma in family members of psychotic patients was part of a larger research program on the burden of the family, using "Interview for the Burden of the Family" and the chapters stigma, treatment and attribution from the "Family interview Schedule". The respondents were relatives, one per patient, either partner or parent. The patients had been diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizo-affective disorder. All contacts with patients and relatives were in Dutch. Relatives were deemed suitable to participate in this research if they saw the patient at least once a week. Recruitment took place in a standardized way: after obtaining the patient's consent, the relatives were approached to participate. The results were analyzed using SPSS Version 18.0.
The prevalence of associative stigma in this sample is 86%. Feelings of depression in the majority of family members are prominent. Twenty-one point three percent experienced guilt more or less frequent, while shame was less pronounced. Also, 18.6% of all respondents indicated that they tried to hide the illness of their family member for others regularly or more. Three six point seven percent really kept secret about it in certain circumstances and 29.3% made efforts to explain what the situation or psychiatric condition of their family member really is like. Factors with marked significance towards higher associative stigma are a worsened relationship between the patient and the family member, conduct problems to family members, the patients' residence in a residential care setting, and hereditary attributional factors like genetic hereditability and character. The level of associative stigma has significantly been predicted by the burden of aggressive disruptions to family housemates of the psychotic patient.
Family members of psychotic patients in Flanders experience higher associative stigma compared to previous international research. Disruptive behavior by the patient towards in-housing family members is the most accurate predictor of higher associative stigma.
评估精神疾病患者家属中关联耻辱感的存在和严重程度，以及导致更高关联耻辱感的因素。
对 150 名接受全职治疗的精神疾病患者家属进行标准化半结构化访谈。这项关于精神疾病患者家属关联耻辱感的研究是一项更大的家庭负担研究计划的一部分，该计划使用了“家庭负担访谈”和“家庭访谈时间表”中的耻辱、治疗和归因章节。受访者是患者的亲属，每位患者一位亲属，包括配偶或父母。患者被诊断为精神分裂症或分裂情感障碍。所有与患者和亲属的接触都是用荷兰语进行的。如果亲属每周至少见一次患者，则认为他们适合参与这项研究。招募是通过标准化的方式进行的：在获得患者同意后，向亲属提出参与的请求。使用 SPSS 版本 18.0 分析结果。
在这个样本中，关联耻辱感的患病率为 86%。大多数家庭成员都感到明显的抑郁情绪。21.3%的人或多或少经常感到内疚，而羞耻感则不太明显。此外，18.6%的受访者表示，他们经常或更多地试图向他人隐瞒其家庭成员的疾病。3.67%的人在某些情况下确实对此保密，29.3%的人努力解释其家庭成员的情况或精神状况到底如何。与更高关联耻辱感显著相关的因素包括患者与家庭成员关系恶化、家庭成员出现行为问题、患者居住在住所护理环境中，以及遗传归因因素，如遗传遗传性和性格。关联耻辱感的水平与精神病患者对同住家庭成员的侵犯性干扰的负担显著相关。
与之前的国际研究相比，佛兰德精神疾病患者的家属经历了更高的关联耻辱感。患者对同住家庭成员的破坏性行为是导致更高关联耻辱感的最准确预测因素。
