Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146 Santiago, Chile.
Interdisciplinary Center for Aquiculture Aquaculture Research, (INCAR), 8340518 Concepción, Chile.
J Immunol Res. 2015;2015:515187. doi: 10.1155/2015/515187. Epub 2015 Feb 28.
Flavobacterium psychrophilum is a Gram-negative bacterium, responsible for the bacterial cold-water disease and the rainbow trout fry syndrome in freshwater salmonid fish. At present, there is only one commercial vaccine in Chile, made with two Chilean F. psychrophilum isolates and another licensed in Europe. The present study analyzed neutrophil migration, as a marker of innate immune activation, in zebrafish (Danio rerio) in response to different F. psychrophilum bath vaccines, which is the first step in evaluating vaccine effectiveness and efficiency in fish. Results indicated that bacterins of the LM-02-Fp isolate were more immunogenic than those from the LM-13-Fp isolate. However, no differences were observed between the same bacteria inactivated by either formaldehyde or heat. Importantly, the same vaccine formulation without an adjuvant only triggered a mild neutrophil migration compared to the complete vaccine. Observations also found that, after a year of storage at 4°C, the activation of the innate immune system by the different vaccines was considerably decreased. Finally, new vaccine formulations prepared with heat and formaldehyde inactivated LM-02-Fp were significantly more efficient than the available commercial vaccine in regard to stimulating the innate immune system.
嗜冷杆菌是一种革兰氏阴性菌，可引起冷水性鱼病和彩虹鳟鱼苗综合征，主要感染淡水鲑鳟鱼类。目前智利仅有一种含两种智利嗜冷杆菌分离株的商业化疫苗，另一种在欧洲获得许可。本研究分析了斑马鱼（Danio rerio）对不同嗜冷杆菌浴用疫苗的中性粒细胞迁移（一种固有免疫激活的标志物），这是评估鱼类疫苗有效性和效率的第一步。结果表明，LM-02-Fp 分离株菌苗比 LM-13-Fp 分离株菌苗更具免疫原性。然而，甲醛或热灭活的同种细菌之间没有差异。重要的是，与完整疫苗相比，没有佐剂的相同疫苗配方仅引起轻度中性粒细胞迁移。观察还发现，在 4°C 下储存一年后，不同疫苗对固有免疫系统的激活作用大大降低。最后，用热和甲醛灭活的 LM-02-Fp 制备的新疫苗配方在刺激固有免疫系统方面比现有的商业疫苗更有效。
