Eikenaes Ingeborg, Egeland Jens, Hummelen Benjamin, Wilberg Theresa
Department of Group Psychotherapy, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.
Department of Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway.
PLoS One. 2015 Mar 27;10(3):e0122846. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122846. eCollection 2015.
Avoidant personality disorder (AvPD) and social phobia (SP) are common disorders both in the community and in clinical settings. Whether the two disorders represent different severity levels of social anxiety disorder is currently in dispute. The relationship between AvPD and SP is probably more complex than previously assumed. Several environmental, temperamental, and constitutional factors may play a role in the etiology of AvPD and SP. Better knowledge about childhood experiences may shed light on similarities and differences between the two disorders. The aim of this study was to compare self-reported childhood experiences in AvPD and SP patients.
This is a cross-sectional multi-site study of 91 adult patients with AvPD and/ or SP. We compared patients with AvPD with and without SP (AvPD group) to patients with SP without AvPD (SP group).
The patients were examined using structured diagnostic interviews and self-report measures, including Child Trauma Questionnaire, Parental Bonding Instrument, and Adult Temperament Questionnaire.
Both AvPD and SP were associated with negative childhood experiences. AvPD patients reported more severe childhood neglect than patients with SP, most pronounced for physical neglect. The difference between the disorders in neglect remained significant after controlling for temperamental factors and concurrent abuse.
The study indicates that childhood neglect is a risk factor for AvPD and may be one contributing factor to phenomenological differences between AvPD and SP.
回避型人格障碍（AvPD）和社交恐惧症（SP）在社区和临床环境中都是常见的疾病。这两种疾病是否代表社交焦虑障碍的不同严重程度目前存在争议。AvPD和SP之间的关系可能比之前认为的更为复杂。一些环境、气质和体质因素可能在AvPD和SP的病因中起作用。更好地了解童年经历可能有助于揭示这两种疾病之间的异同。本研究的目的是比较AvPD和SP患者自我报告的童年经历。
这是一项对91名患有AvPD和/或SP的成年患者进行的多中心横断面研究。我们将患有AvPD且伴有或不伴有SP的患者（AvPD组）与不伴有AvPD的SP患者（SP组）进行了比较。
使用结构化诊断访谈和自我报告测量方法对患者进行检查，包括儿童创伤问卷、父母教养方式问卷和成人气质问卷。
AvPD和SP都与负面童年经历相关。AvPD患者报告的童年忽视比SP患者更严重，在身体忽视方面最为明显。在控制气质因素和并发虐待后，两种疾病在忽视方面的差异仍然显著。
该研究表明童年忽视是AvPD的一个风险因素，可能是导致AvPD和SP之间现象学差异的一个因素。
