Graham M R, Pates J, Davies B, Cooper S M, Bhattacharya K, Evans P J, Baker J S
Llantarnam Research Academy, Newport Road, Llantarnam, Cwmbran, Wales, UK.
Health and Exercise Science Department, University of South Wales, Cardiff, Wales, UK.
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2015 Dec;28(4):539-46. doi: 10.1177/0394632015577045. Epub 2015 Mar 26.
Cerebral neurochemicals are markers of traumatic brain injury (TBI).
The aim of the study was to determine whether kicks to the head (KTH) in full contact karate significantly increased serum concentrations of protein S-100B, and neurone specific enolase (NSE). Kicks to the body (KTB) were also quantified to asses muscle tissue injury. Muscle damage was assessed by analysis of serum total creatine kinase (CK).
Twenty-four full contact karate practitioners were observed and filmed during actual competition and divided into two main groups post event: (1) Kicks to the head and body group (KTH): n = 12; mean ± SD; age, 30.4 ± 6.7 years; height, 1.74 ± 0.1 m; weight, 79.1 ± 2.1 kg; and (2): Kicks to the body group (KTB): n = 12; mean ± SD; age, 28.2 ± 6.5 years; height, 1.75 ± 0.1 m; weight, 79.2 ± 1.7 kg. The KTH group received direct kicks to the head, while group KTB received kicks and punches to the body. Blood samples were taken before and immediately post-combat for analysis of serum S-100B, NSE, CK and cardiac troponin.
Significant increases in serum concentrations of S-100B (0.12 ± 0.17 vs. 0.37 ± 0.26, µg.L(-1)) and NSE (11.8 ± 4.1 vs. 20.2 ± 9.1 ng.mL(-1)) were encountered after combat in the KTH group and CK (123 ± 53 vs. 184 ± 103 U.L(-1)) in the KTB group (all P <0.05).
Head kicks in full contact karate cause elevation of neurochemical markers associated with damaged brain tissue. The severity of injury is related to the early post-traumatic release of protein S-100B and NSE. The early kinetics and appearance post injury can reflect intracranial pathology, and suggest S-100B and NSE are extremely sensitive prognostic markers of TBI.
脑神经营化物是创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的标志物。
本研究旨在确定在全接触空手道比赛中头部受踢（KTH）是否会显著增加血清中蛋白质S - 100B和神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）的浓度。同时对身体受踢（KTB）情况进行量化以评估肌肉组织损伤。通过分析血清总肌酸激酶（CK）来评估肌肉损伤。
观察并拍摄了24名全接触空手道练习者在实际比赛中的情况，赛后将他们分为两个主要组：（1）头部和身体受踢组（KTH）：n = 12；均值±标准差；年龄，30.4±6.7岁；身高，1.74±0.1米；体重，79.1±2.1千克；（2）身体受踢组（KTB）：n = 12；均值±标准差；年龄，28.2±6.5岁；身高，1.75±0.1米；体重，79.2±1.7千克。KTH组头部受到直接踢击，而KTB组身体受到踢击和拳击。在比赛前和比赛结束后立即采集血样，用于分析血清S - 100B、NSE、CK和心肌肌钙蛋白。
KTH组比赛后血清S - 100B浓度显著升高（0.12±0.17对0.37±0.26，μg.L⁻¹），NSE浓度显著升高（11.8±4.1对20.2±9.1 ng.mL⁻¹）；KTB组CK浓度显著升高（123±53对184±103 U.L⁻¹）（所有P <0.05）。
全接触空手道中的头部踢击会导致与脑组织损伤相关的神经营化物标志物升高。损伤的严重程度与创伤后早期蛋白质S - 100B和NSE的释放有关。损伤后的早期动力学和表现可反映颅内病理情况，提示S - 100B和NSE是TBI极其敏感的预后标志物。
