Kadda Olga, Manginas Athanasios, Stavridis George, Balanos Dimitris, Kotiou Maria, Panagiotakos Demosthenes B
Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Department of Cardiology, Mediterraneo Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Angiology. 2016 Jan;67(1):66-74. doi: 10.1177/0003319715577293. Epub 2015 Mar 29.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the gender-oriented differences in the outcomes of a lifestyle intervention trial (diet, smoking cessation, and exercise) among patients who had open heart surgery. A randomized, nonblind intervention study was performed on 500 patients who had open heart surgery. Immediately after hospital discharge, 250 patients were randomly allocated lifestyle intervention by receiving oral and written information in the form of a booklet with specific educational information for postoperative rehabilitation. The remaining 250 patients received the regular oral instructions. The applied lifestyle intervention proved to be beneficial only in men as far as quitting smoking (relative risk [RR]: 0.36, confidence interval [CI]: 0.16-0.80; P = .01) and returning to work (RR: 0.35, CI: 0.13-0.92; P = .03) are concerned. For both genders, no significant associations between dietary and physical activity recommendations were observed.
Lifestyle nursing intervention immediately after open heart surgery had a beneficial effect on men 1 year after the surgery but not on women. Thus, there is a need for gender-specific studies among women.
本研究的目的是评估心脏直视手术患者在生活方式干预试验（饮食、戒烟和运动）结果方面的性别差异。对500例接受心脏直视手术的患者进行了一项随机、非盲干预研究。出院后立即对250例患者进行随机分配生活方式干预，通过以包含术后康复特定教育信息的小册子形式给予口头和书面信息。其余250例患者接受常规口头指导。就戒烟（相对风险[RR]：0.36，置信区间[CI]：0.16 - 0.80；P = 0.01）和重返工作岗位（RR：0.35，CI：0.13 - 0.92；P = 0.03）而言，所应用的生活方式干预仅对男性有益。对于两性，未观察到饮食和身体活动建议之间存在显著关联。
心脏直视手术后立即进行的生活方式护理干预对术后1年的男性有有益影响，但对女性没有。因此，需要对女性进行针对性别的研究。
