Momeni Stephanie S, Tomlin Nancy, Ruby John D
J Am Dent Assoc. 2015 Apr;146(4):241-5. doi: 10.1016/j.adaj.2014.12.013.
Liquid antimicrobial soaps are commonly used in the dental health care setting for hand washing to minimize the potential spread of infectious agents to health care workers and patients. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate possible bacterial contamination of antimicrobial liquid soap dispensers located in 2 institutional comprehensive dental care clinics.
Fourteen soap dispensers and 16 original stock containers were sampled. A 1-milliliter aliquot was diluted in 10 mL of phosphate buffer (Tween-80; Acros). Serial dilutions were plated in duplicate on neutralizing agar and incubated for 7 days. Molecular identification was performed using 500 base pair comparisons of 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequencing. Taq polymerase chain reaction was performed with sequence-specific primers for Raoultella species.
Bacterial growth was observed at 18 hours for 57% (8 of 14) of soap dispenser samples. Bacterial densities ranged from 4 × 10(2) to 6 × 10(9) colony-forming units per milliliter. Original commercial containers exhibited no growth. Isolates were identified as Raoultella (Klebsiella) planticola.
This is the first study to the authors' knowledge indicating recovery of R. planticola from antimicrobial liquid soap dispensers. R. planticola is a recognized environmental opportunistic pathogen that potentially poses a health concern.
These findings indicate compliance problems with infection prevention recommendations and support the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's recommendation that dispensers should not be topped off. High bacterial loads of R. planticola are inconsistent with infection control practices and are a concern because transmission and possible infection to the health care worker or the patient may occur.
液体抗菌肥皂常用于牙科保健机构的手部清洁，以尽量减少感染因子向医护人员和患者的潜在传播。本研究的目的是评估两家机构综合性牙科保健诊所中抗菌液体皂液器可能存在的细菌污染情况。
对14个皂液器和16个原装容器进行采样。取1毫升等分试样在10毫升磷酸盐缓冲液（吐温80；爱克罗斯公司）中稀释。系列稀释液一式两份接种于中和琼脂上，培养7天。使用16S核糖体核糖核酸测序的500碱基对比较进行分子鉴定。用针对拉乌尔菌属的序列特异性引物进行Taq聚合酶链反应。
14个皂液器样本中有57%（8个）在18小时时观察到细菌生长。细菌密度范围为每毫升4×10²至6×10⁹菌落形成单位。原装商业容器未出现生长。分离菌株被鉴定为植生拉乌尔菌（克雷伯菌属）。
据作者所知，这是第一项表明从抗菌液体皂液器中分离出植生拉乌尔菌的研究。植生拉乌尔菌是一种公认的环境机会致病菌，可能对健康构成威胁。
这些发现表明在感染预防建议方面存在合规问题，并支持美国疾病控制与预防中心关于不应往皂液器中添加肥皂的建议。植生拉乌尔菌的高细菌载量与感染控制措施不一致，令人担忧，因为可能会传播并感染医护人员或患者。
