Soloneski Sonia, Kujawski Maciej, Scuto Anna, Larramendy Marcelo L
Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 N° 3, B1904AMA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
Department of Immunology, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Aug;29(5):834-44. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.03.011. Epub 2015 Mar 24.
In vitro effects of the carbamates pirimicarb and zineb and their formulations Aficida® (50% pirimicarb) and Azzurro® (70% zineb), respectively, were evaluated in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells. Whereas the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus cytome assay was employed to test for genotoxicity, MTT, neutral red (NR), and apoptosis evaluation were used as tests for estimating cell viability and succinic dehydrogenase activity, respectively. Concentrations tested were 10-300 μg/ml for pirimicarb and Aficida®, and 1-50 μg/ml for zineb and Azzurro®. All compounds were able to increase the frequency of micronuclei. A marked reduction in the nuclear division index was observed after treatment with 5 μg/ml of zineb and Azzurro® and 10 μg/ml of Azzurro®. Alterations in the cellular morphology not allowing the recognition of binucleated cells exposed to 300 μg/ml pirimicarb and Aficida® as well as 10-50 μg/ml zineb and Azzurro®. All four compounds induced inhibition of both cell viability and succinic dehydrogenase activity and trigger apoptosis in CHO-K1 cells, at least when exposed for 24 h. The data herein demonstrate the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects exerted by these carbamates and reveal the potential risk factor of these pesticides, still extensively used worldwide, for both human health and the environment.
分别评估了氨基甲酸酯类抗蚜威和代森锌及其制剂Aficida®（50%抗蚜威）和Azzurro®（70%代森锌）对中国仓鼠卵巢（CHO-K1）细胞的体外作用。采用胞质分裂阻滞微核细胞试验检测遗传毒性，分别采用MTT、中性红（NR）和凋亡评估试验来估计细胞活力和琥珀酸脱氢酶活性。抗蚜威和Aficida®的测试浓度为10 - 300μg/ml，代森锌和Azzurro®的测试浓度为1 - 50μg/ml。所有化合物均能增加微核频率。在用5μg/ml代森锌和Azzurro®以及10μg/ml Azzurro®处理后，观察到核分裂指数显著降低。暴露于300μg/ml抗蚜威和Aficida®以及10 - 50μg/ml代森锌和Azzurro®的双核细胞的细胞形态发生改变，无法识别。所有四种化合物均诱导CHO-K1细胞的细胞活力和琥珀酸脱氢酶活性受到抑制，并引发细胞凋亡，至少在暴露24小时时如此。本文数据证明了这些氨基甲酸酯类化合物产生的遗传毒性和细胞毒性作用，并揭示了这些仍在全球广泛使用的农药对人类健康和环境的潜在风险因素。
