Bodner Kimberly E, Engelhardt Christopher R, Minshew Nancy J, Williams Diane L
Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, 3 McAlester Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA,
J Autism Dev Disord. 2015 Sep;45(9):2721-33. doi: 10.1007/s10803-015-2436-3.
Studies investigating inferential reasoning in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have focused on the ability to make socially-related inferences or inferences more generally. Important variables for intervention planning such as whether inferences depend on physical experiences or the nature of social information have received less consideration. A measure of bridging inferences of physical causation, mental states, and emotional states was administered to older children, adolescents, and adults with and without ASD. The ASD group had more difficulty making inferences, particularly related to emotional understanding. Results suggest that individuals with ASD may not have the stored experiential knowledge that specific inferences depend upon or have difficulties accessing relevant experiences due to linguistic limitations. Further research is needed to tease these elements apart.
研究自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）中推理能力的研究主要集中在进行与社会相关推理或更普遍推理的能力上。对于干预计划的重要变量，如推理是否依赖于身体体验或社会信息的性质，考虑较少。对患有和未患有ASD的大龄儿童、青少年及成人进行了一项关于对物理因果关系、心理状态和情绪状态进行衔接推理的测量。ASD组在进行推理时困难更大，尤其是在情感理解方面。结果表明，患有ASD的个体可能没有特定推理所依赖的存储经验知识，或者由于语言限制在获取相关经验方面存在困难。需要进一步研究来区分这些因素。
