Nalliah Sivalingam, Karikalan Barani, Kademane Kumaraswamy
Division of Human Development and Population Health, Clinical School, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia E-mail :
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2015;16(6):2145-50. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.6.2145.
HPV viruses are integral to the development of cervical cancer. The pathogenesis has been extensively studied. To date, numerous HPV tests and products have been developed and successfully utilized in diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cervical cancer. The HPV DNA test, when combined with other routine cervical cancer screening and diagnostic tests namely exfoliative cytology, visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and colposcopy has increased the detection rate of cervical cancer. HPV DNA products could also be measured in other body fluids like urine, lymph node tissue, and serum. HPV association could also be quantified by measuring other parameters like HPV mRNA, viral load, viral integration and methylation status. Vaccination against HPV has been found to decrease the incidence of cervical cancer. Further, therapeutic vaccines for cervical cancer against HPV continue to evolve. All these findings pertaining to HPV could possibly decrease the incidence of cervical cancer in the near future. This review aims to give an overview of the HPV tests and products in use and those under trial currently.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）与宫颈癌的发生密切相关。其发病机制已得到广泛研究。迄今为止，已开发出众多HPV检测方法和产品，并成功应用于宫颈癌的诊断、治疗和预防。HPV DNA检测与其他常规宫颈癌筛查及诊断检测（即脱落细胞学检查、醋酸目视检查（VIA）和阴道镜检查）相结合，提高了宫颈癌的检出率。HPV DNA产物也可在尿液、淋巴结组织和血清等其他体液中检测到。HPV关联也可通过测量其他参数（如HPV mRNA、病毒载量、病毒整合和甲基化状态）来量化。已发现接种HPV疫苗可降低宫颈癌的发病率。此外，针对HPV的宫颈癌治疗性疫苗也在不断发展。所有这些与HPV相关的研究结果可能在不久的将来降低宫颈癌的发病率。本综述旨在概述目前正在使用和试验中的HPV检测方法和产品。
