Hines Jarrod C, Hertzog Christopher, Touron Dayna R
a School of Psychology , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA , USA.
Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn. 2015;22(6):693-711. doi: 10.1080/13825585.2015.1028884. Epub 2015 Apr 1.
One's memory for past test performance (MPT) is a key piece of information individuals use when deciding how to restudy material. We used a multi-trial recognition memory task to examine adult age differences in the influence of MPT (measured by actual Trial 1 memory accuracy and subjective confidence judgments, CJs) along with Trial 1 judgments of learning (JOLs), objective and participant-estimated recognition fluencies, and Trial 2 study time on Trial 2 JOLs. We found evidence of simultaneous and independent influences of multiple objective and subjective (i.e., metacognitive) cues on Trial 2 JOLs, and these relationships were highly similar for younger and older adults. Individual differences in Trial 1 recognition accuracy and CJs on Trial 2 JOLs indicate that individuals may vary in the degree to which they rely on each MPT cue when assessing subsequent memory confidence. Aging appears to spare the ability to access multiple cues when making JOLs.
一个人对过去测试表现的记忆（MPT）是个体在决定如何重新学习材料时所使用的关键信息。我们使用了一个多试验识别记忆任务，来检验成人在MPT影响方面的年龄差异（通过实际的第一次试验记忆准确性和主观信心判断，即CJs来衡量），以及第一次试验的学习判断（JOLs）、客观和参与者估计的识别流畅性，和第二次试验学习时间对第二次试验JOLs的影响。我们发现了多个客观和主观（即元认知）线索对第二次试验JOLs同时且独立影响的证据，并且这些关系在年轻人和老年人中高度相似。第一次试验识别准确性和第二次试验JOLs上的CJs的个体差异表明，个体在评估后续记忆信心时，依赖每个MPT线索的程度可能有所不同。衰老似乎并未损害做出JOLs时获取多个线索的能力。
