Lopez Alejandro J, Scheer Justin K, Leibl Kayla E, Smith Zachary A, Dlouhy Brian J, Dahdaleh Nader S
Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; and.
Neurosurg Focus. 2015 Apr;38(4):E2. doi: 10.3171/2015.1.FOCUS14807.
The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) has unique anatomical structures that separate it from the subaxial cervical spine. In addition to housing vital neural and vascular structures, the majority of cranial flexion, extension, and axial rotation is accomplished at the CVJ. A complex combination of osseous and ligamentous supports allow for stability despite a large degree of motion. An understanding of anatomy and biomechanics is essential to effectively evaluate and address the various pathological processes that may affect this region. Therefore, the authors present an up-to-date narrative review of CVJ anatomy, normal and pathological biomechanics, and fixation techniques.
颅颈交界区（CVJ）具有独特的解剖结构，使其与下颈椎区分开来。除了容纳重要的神经和血管结构外，大部分的颅骨屈伸和轴向旋转都在颅颈交界区完成。尽管存在很大程度的运动，但骨和韧带支撑的复杂组合仍能确保稳定性。了解解剖学和生物力学对于有效评估和处理可能影响该区域的各种病理过程至关重要。因此，作者对颅颈交界区的解剖学、正常和病理生物力学以及固定技术进行了最新的叙述性综述。
