Lovallo William R
From the Department of Psychiatry, University Heath Science Center and Veterans Administration Medical Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Psychosom Med. 2015 Apr;77(3):212-4. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000173.
Researchers and laypersons have long argued that stress is bad for health, particularly when responses are large, prolonged, and frequent. By extension, individuals who have the largest and the most prolonged responses are assumed to have worse outcomes than do less reactive persons. Research in animals has been supportive of the connection between stress and poor health, but evidence in humans has been slow to accumulate. The current issue of Psychosomatic Medicine presents a meta-analysis of 33 studies of delayed recovery from stress and its association with poor cardiovascular disease outcomes and all-cause mortality. The analysis supports the contention that slower recovery to baseline after exercise or psychological stress may predict earlier death due to all causes. This finding raises questions for psychosomatic theories of disease and points the direction for further study of how or whether to incorporate reactivity measures into standard risk profiles.
长期以来，研究人员和外行人都认为压力对健康有害，尤其是当反应强烈、持续时间长且频繁时。由此推断，与反应较小的人相比，反应最强烈、持续时间最长的个体被认为会有更糟糕的结果。动物研究支持了压力与健康不佳之间的联系，但人类方面的证据积累得较慢。《身心医学》本期发表了一项对33项关于压力延迟恢复及其与不良心血管疾病结果和全因死亡率关联的研究的荟萃分析。该分析支持了这样一种观点，即运动或心理压力后恢复到基线的速度较慢可能预示着全因导致的过早死亡。这一发现引发了对身心疾病理论的质疑，并为进一步研究如何或将反应性测量纳入标准风险概况指明了方向。
