a Leeds Beckett University , Leeds , West Yorkshire , United Kingdom.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2016 Nov 17;56(15):2483-2494. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2013.862201.
Nigeria is a multicultural country with a diverse cultural food. Most Nigerians' cultural diet is based on staple food accompanied by stew. In the South West and Eastern region (where Yorubas and Igbos are the dominant ethnic groups), staple foods are yam and cassava by-product (garri, fufu and lafun) with vegetables prepared as stew, often over cooked, thereby losing essential micronutrients. In Northern Nigeria (where the Hausas and Fulanis are the dominant ethnic groups), grains such as sorghum, millet form the main diet; these are served with palm oil based soup made with tomatoes and okra. Meat is sometimes added. Among the Hausas, meat is usually reserved for special occasions. Various types of malnutrition prevalent in developing countries such as Nigeria are iron deficiency anemia (ID/A), protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), Vitamin A deficiency (VAD), iodine deficiency disorder (IDD). The proposed long-term measure by the Federal government of Nigeria for the resolution of these various types of malnutrition is dietary diversification. A review of the literature on Nigerian cultural diets identified gaps in knowledge with respect to the nutritional values of Nigerian ethnic diets.
尼日利亚是一个多文化的国家，拥有多样化的文化美食。大多数尼日利亚人的文化饮食以主食为主，辅以炖菜。在西南部和东部地区（那里的约鲁巴人和伊博人是主要族群），主食是山药和木薯的副产品（garri、fufu 和 lafun），配以蔬菜炖煮，常常煮得过熟，从而失去了重要的微量营养素。在尼日利亚北部（那里的豪萨人和富拉尼人是主要族群），高粱、小米等谷物构成了主要饮食；这些食物与用西红柿和秋葵制成的基于棕榈油的汤一起食用。有时会加入肉类。在豪萨人中，肉类通常只在特殊场合食用。在尼日利亚等发展中国家普遍存在各种类型的营养不良，如缺铁性贫血（IDA/A）、蛋白质能量营养不良（PEM）、维生素 A 缺乏症（VAD）、碘缺乏症（IDD）。尼日利亚联邦政府提出的解决这些各种类型营养不良的长期措施是饮食多样化。对尼日利亚文化饮食文献的回顾发现，在尼日利亚族裔饮食的营养价值方面存在知识差距。
