以木薯为主食会使 2-5 岁儿童面临蛋白质摄入不足的风险，肯尼亚和尼日利亚的一项观察性研究表明。
Consuming cassava as a staple food places children 2-5 years old at risk for inadequate protein intake, an observational study in Kenya and Nigeria.
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO, USA.
出版信息
Nutr J. 2010 Feb 26;9:9. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-9-9.
BACKGROUND
Inadequate protein intake is known to be deleterious in animals. Using WHO consensus documents for human nutrient requirements, the protein:energy ratio (P:E) of an adequate diet is > 5%. Cassava has a very low protein content. This study tested the hypothesis that Nigerian and Kenyan children consuming cassava as their staple food are at greater risk for inadequate dietary protein intake than those children who consume less cassava.
METHODS
A 24 hour dietary recall was used to determine the food and nutrient intake of 656 Nigerian and 449 Kenyan children aged 2-5 years residing in areas where cassava is a staple food. Anthropometric measurements were conducted. Diets were scored for diversity using a 12 point score. Pearson's Correlation Coefficients were calculated to relate the fraction of dietary energy obtained from cassava with protein intake, P:E, and dietary diversity.
RESULTS
The fraction of dietary energy obtained from cassava was > 25% in 35% of Nigerian children and 89% of Kenyan children. The mean dietary diversity score was 4.0 in Nigerian children and 4.5 in Kenyan children, although the mean number of different foods consumed on the survey day in Nigeria was greater than Kenya, 7.0 compared to 4.6. 13% of Nigerian and 53% of Kenyan children surveyed had inadequate protein intake. The fraction of dietary energy derived from cassava was negatively correlated with protein intake, P:E, and dietary diversity. Height-for age z score was directly associated with protein intake and negatively associated with cassava consumption using regression modeling that controlled for energy and zinc intake.
CONCLUSIONS
Inadequate protein intake was found in the diets of Nigerian and Kenyan children consuming cassava as a staple food. Inadequate dietary protein intake is associated with stunting in this population. Interventions to increase protein intake in this vulnerable population should be the focus of future work.
背景
已知动物的蛋白质摄入不足是有害的。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）关于人类营养需求的共识文件，充足饮食的蛋白质与能量比值（P:E）大于 5%。木薯的蛋白质含量非常低。本研究检验了这样一个假设，即食用木薯作为主食的尼日利亚和肯尼亚儿童比食用木薯较少的儿童更有可能摄入不足的膳食蛋白质。
方法
使用 24 小时膳食回顾法，对居住在木薯是主食地区的 656 名尼日利亚儿童和 449 名肯尼亚儿童的食物和营养素摄入量进行了测定。进行了人体测量学测量。使用 12 分制对饮食多样性进行评分。计算 Pearson 相关系数，以确定从木薯中获得的膳食能量比例与蛋白质摄入、P:E 和饮食多样性的关系。
结果
35%的尼日利亚儿童和 89%的肯尼亚儿童从膳食中获取的能量有超过 25%来自木薯。尼日利亚儿童的平均饮食多样性评分为 4.0，肯尼亚儿童为 4.5，尽管在尼日利亚调查日食用的不同食物数量大于肯尼亚，为 7.0 种，而肯尼亚为 4.6 种。13%的尼日利亚和 53%的肯尼亚儿童蛋白质摄入不足。从木薯中获得的膳食能量比例与蛋白质摄入、P:E 和饮食多样性呈负相关。身高年龄 z 评分与蛋白质摄入呈正相关，与木薯摄入量呈负相关，这是通过控制能量和锌摄入的回归模型得出的。
结论
食用木薯作为主食的尼日利亚和肯尼亚儿童的饮食中存在蛋白质摄入不足的情况。在该人群中，饮食中蛋白质摄入不足与发育迟缓有关。未来的工作应重点关注增加这一脆弱人群蛋白质摄入的干预措施。
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