Kamphuis Carlijn B M, de Bekker-Grob Esther W, van Lenthe Frank J
From the Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Apr;101(4):768-74. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.114.096776. Epub 2015 Jan 28.
Healthiness, price, and convenience are typically indicated as important motives for food choices; however, it is largely unknown to what extent older adults from high and low socioeconomic groups differ in these underlying motives. A discrete choice experiment (DCE) is an innovative way to elicit implicit motives for food choices.
The aim was to investigate differences in food motives between socioeconomic groups by means of a DCE.
A DCE was carried out during a face-to-face interview among older adults as part of the Health and Living Conditions in Eindhoven and surrounding cities (GLOBE) cohort study, The Netherlands. Participants (n = 399; mean age: 63.3 y) were offered a series of choice sets about a usual dinner at home and were asked to choose in each choice set between 2 meals and an opt-out choice, with different combinations of attribute levels. We included 5 meal attributes (taste, healthiness, preparation time, travel time to shops, and price) and 3 or 4 levels for each attribute. Data were analyzed by multinomial logit models.
Healthiness, taste, price, and travel time to the grocery store proved to significantly influence older adults' meal decisions; preparation time was not significant. Healthiness was the most important attribute for all of the participants. More highly educated participants rated a healthy and less expensive meal to be more important than did less educated participants. Those with a high income rated a meal that was healthy and very tasteful to be more important than did those with a lower income.
Healthiness, taste, price, and travel time to grocery shops influenced older adults' meal decisions. Higher socioeconomic groups valued health more than did lower socioeconomic groups. DCEs represent a promising method to gain insight into the relative importance of motives for food choices. This trial was registered at www.isrctn.com as ISRCTN60293770.
健康、价格和便利性通常被认为是食物选择的重要动机；然而，社会经济地位高低不同的老年人在这些潜在动机方面的差异程度在很大程度上尚不清楚。离散选择实验（DCE）是一种引出食物选择隐含动机的创新方法。
旨在通过离散选择实验研究社会经济群体之间在食物动机上的差异。
作为荷兰埃因霍温及周边城市健康与生活状况（GLOBE）队列研究的一部分，在对老年人进行面对面访谈期间开展了离散选择实验。参与者（n = 399；平均年龄：63.3岁）被提供了一系列关于在家中常吃晚餐的选择集，并被要求在每个选择集中在两餐和一个退出选择之间进行选择，各属性水平有不同组合。我们纳入了5个餐食属性（口味、健康程度、准备时间、去商店的行程时间和价格），每个属性有3或4个水平。数据通过多项逻辑回归模型进行分析。
健康程度、口味、价格和去杂货店的行程时间被证明对老年人的餐食决策有显著影响；准备时间不显著。健康程度是所有参与者最重要的属性。受教育程度较高的参与者比受教育程度较低的参与者更看重健康且价格较低的餐食。高收入者比低收入者更看重健康且非常美味的餐食。
健康程度、口味、价格和去杂货店的行程时间影响了老年人的餐食决策。社会经济地位较高的群体比社会经济地位较低的群体更重视健康。离散选择实验是一种很有前景的方法，可用于深入了解食物选择动机的相对重要性。该试验在www.isrctn.com上注册，注册号为ISRCTN60293770。
