Center for Global Health, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Novartis Vaccines, Siena, Italy.
Sci Transl Med. 2015 Apr 1;7(281):281ps8. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaa0722.
The demographics of the world's population are changing, with many adults now surviving into their 80s. With this change comes the need to protect the aging and other underserved populations not only against infectious diseases but also against cancer and other chronic conditions. New technologies derived from recent advances in the fields of immunology, structural biology, synthetic biology, and genomics have brought a revolution in the vaccine field. Among them, vaccine adjuvants have the potential to harness the immune system to provide protection against new types of diseases, improve protection in young children, and expand this protection to adults and the elderly. However, in order to do so we need also to overcome the nontechnical challenges that could limit the implementation of innovative vaccines, including controversies regarding the safety of adjuvants, increasing regulatory complexity, the inadequate methods used to assess the value of novel vaccines, and the resulting industry alienation from future investment. This Perspective summarizes the outcome of a recent multidisciplinary symposium entitled "Enhancing Vaccine Immunity and Value," held in Siena, Italy, in July 2014, that addressed two related questions: how to improve vaccine efficacy by using breakthrough technologies and how to capture the full potential of novel vaccines.
世界人口结构正在发生变化，许多成年人现在能够活到 80 多岁。随着这种变化，不仅需要保护老年人和其他服务不足的人群免受传染病的侵害，还需要保护他们免受癌症和其他慢性疾病的侵害。免疫学、结构生物学、合成生物学和基因组学等领域的最新进展带来的新技术，给疫苗领域带来了一场革命。其中，疫苗佐剂有可能利用免疫系统提供针对新型疾病的保护，提高幼儿的保护水平，并将这种保护扩大到成年人和老年人。然而，要做到这一点，我们还需要克服可能限制创新疫苗实施的非技术挑战，包括对佐剂安全性的争议、监管复杂性的增加、评估新型疫苗价值的方法不充分以及由此导致的行业对未来投资的疏远。本观点总结了 2014 年 7 月在意大利锡耶纳举行的一次题为“增强疫苗免疫和价值”的多学科研讨会的成果，该研讨会讨论了两个相关问题：如何利用突破性技术提高疫苗的功效，以及如何充分发挥新型疫苗的潜力。
