Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey.
School of Physical Education and Sports, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Cogn Neurodyn. 2015 Apr;9(2):257-63. doi: 10.1007/s11571-014-9320-2. Epub 2014 Nov 23.
Exercise training has been shown not only to influence physical fitness positively but also cognition in healthy and impaired populations. However, some particular exercise types, even though comparable based on physical efforts, have distinct cognitive and sensorimotor features. In this study, the effects of different types of exercise, such as fast ball sports and dance training, on brain electrical activity were investigated. Electroencephalography (EEG) scans were recorded in professional dancer, professional fast ball sports athlete (FBSA) and healthy control volunteer groups consisting of twelve subjects each. In FBSA, power of delta and theta frequency activities of EEG was significantly higher than those of the dancers and the controls. Conversely, dancers had significantly higher amplitudes in alpha and beta bands compared to FBSA and significantly higher amplitudes in the alpha band in comparison with controls. The results suggest that cognitive features of physical training can be reflected in resting brain electrical oscillations. The differences in resting brain electrical oscillations between the dancers and the FBSA can be the result of innate network differences determining the talents and/or plastic changes induced by physical training.
运动训练不仅能积极影响身体健康，还能改善认知能力，无论是在健康人群还是在受损人群中都是如此。然而，一些特定的运动类型，即使在体力上相当，也具有明显不同的认知和感觉运动特征。在这项研究中，我们调查了不同类型的运动，如快速球类运动和舞蹈训练，对脑电活动的影响。记录了专业舞蹈演员、专业快速球类运动运动员（FBSA）和由 12 名志愿者组成的健康对照组的脑电图（EEG）扫描。在 FBSA 中，脑电图的 delta 和 theta 频率活动的功率明显高于舞蹈演员和对照组。相反，与 FBSA 相比，舞蹈演员的 alpha 和 beta 波段的振幅明显更高，与对照组相比，alpha 波段的振幅也明显更高。结果表明，身体训练的认知特征可以反映在静息状态下的脑电振荡中。舞蹈演员和 FBSA 之间静息脑电振荡的差异可能是由决定天赋和/或由身体训练引起的可塑性变化的内在网络差异造成的。
