Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China; Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China.
Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2015 Jul 15;521-522:160-72. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.054. Epub 2015 Mar 31.
The road transportation could affect roadside soils environment detrimentally, including heavy metal enrichment. In order to identify and evaluate the enrichment of heavy metals resulted from road transportation on the Tibetan Plateau, the 11 heavy metals (V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Rb, Pb and Tl) in the topsoil (0-10 cm depth) from four sites along the Qinghai-Tibet highway were discussed in this study. Our results indicate that heavy metals such as Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb are related to road transportation. The content of most of these heavy metals in roadside soils decreased exponentially with the distance from the road, as did some of the Nemero Synthesis Indexes (PN values). The contamination factor for the traffic-related metals ranged from 0.56 (no pollution) to 5.67 (considerable pollution) and the Nemero Synthesis Indexes of these heavy metals ranged from 0.80 (no pollution) to 4.49 (severe pollution). Cd was of priority concern as it had the highest contamination factor. The highest PN value for these traffic-related heavy metals was found in soils at site TTH (alpine steppe). Although transportation contributed to the high contents of these traffic-related metals in roadside environments, regional differences such as wind and the terrain also had significant relationship with their enrichment in these roadside soils. The roadside distance at which there is a potential risk to livestock and wildlife from the contamination of soils by heavy metals should be determined scientifically along the Qinghai-Tibet highway, based on the different natural environments found in the region.
道路运输可能会对路边土壤环境造成不利影响，包括重金属富集。为了识别和评估青藏高原道路运输导致的重金属富集，本研究讨论了沿青藏公路四个地点的表层土壤（0-10 厘米深度）中的 11 种重金属（V、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Rb、Pb 和 Tl）。结果表明，Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Cd 和 Pb 等重金属与道路运输有关。这些重金属中大多数的含量随距道路的距离呈指数下降，一些 Nemero 综合指数（PN 值）也是如此。与交通有关的金属的污染因子范围从 0.56（无污染）到 5.67（严重污染），这些重金属的 Nemero 综合指数范围从 0.80（无污染）到 4.49（严重污染）。Cd 是优先关注的问题，因为它的污染因子最高。这些交通相关重金属的最高 PN 值出现在 TTH 点（高山草原）的土壤中。尽管交通导致了路边环境中这些交通相关金属的高含量，但风况和地形等区域差异也与这些路边土壤中它们的富集有很大关系。应该根据该地区不同的自然环境，科学确定青藏公路沿线土壤重金属污染对牲畜和野生动物造成潜在风险的路边距离。
