Dillman Jonathan R, Smith Ethan A, Sanchez Ramon J, DiPietro Michael A, DeMatos-Maillard Vera, Strouse Peter J, Darge Kassa
From the Section of Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology (J.R.D., E.A.S., R.J.S., M.A.D., P.J.S.), and Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases (V.D.M.), C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan Health System, 1540 E Hospital Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (K.D.).
Radiographics. 2015 May-Jun;35(3):835-48. doi: 10.1148/rg.2015140002. Epub 2015 Apr 3.
Small bowel Crohn disease is commonly diagnosed during the pediatric period, and recent investigations show that its incidence is increasing in this age group. Diagnosis and follow-up of this condition are commonly based on a combination of patient history and physical examination, disease activity surveys, laboratory assessment, and endoscopy with biopsy, but imaging also plays a central role. Ultrasonography (US) is an underutilized well-tolerated imaging modality for screening and follow-up of small bowel Crohn disease in children and adolescents. US has numerous advantages over computed tomographic (CT) enterography and magnetic resonance (MR) enterography, including low cost and no required use of oral or intravenous contrast material. US also has the potential to provide images with higher spatial resolution than those obtained at CT enterography and MR enterography, allows faster examination than does MR enterography, does not involve ionizing radiation, and does not require sedation or general anesthesia. US accurately depicts small bowel and mesenteric changes related to pediatric Crohn disease, and US findings show a high correlation with MR imaging findings in this patient population.
小肠克罗恩病通常在儿童期被诊断出来,最近的调查显示其在该年龄组中的发病率正在上升。这种疾病的诊断和随访通常基于患者病史、体格检查、疾病活动度调查、实验室评估以及内镜活检的综合结果,但影像学检查也起着核心作用。超声检查(US)是一种未得到充分利用但耐受性良好的影像学检查方式,可用于儿童和青少年小肠克罗恩病的筛查和随访。与计算机断层扫描(CT)小肠造影和磁共振(MR)小肠造影相比,超声检查有许多优势,包括成本低且无需使用口服或静脉造影剂。超声检查还有可能提供比CT小肠造影和MR小肠造影更高空间分辨率的图像,检查速度比MR小肠造影更快,不涉及电离辐射,也不需要镇静或全身麻醉。超声检查能准确描绘与小儿克罗恩病相关的小肠和肠系膜变化,并且在该患者群体中,超声检查结果与磁共振成像结果高度相关。