Pasternak Grzegorz, Chrzanowski Grzegorz, Aebisher David, Myśliwiec Angelika, Dynarowicz Klaudia, Bartusik-Aebisher Dorota, Sosna Barbara, Cieślar Grzegorz, Kawczyk-Krupka Aleksandra, Filip Rafał
Department of General Surgery, Provincial Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Rzeszów, 35-301 Rzeszów, Poland.
Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland.
Life (Basel). 2023 Oct 15;13(10):2062. doi: 10.3390/life13102062.
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the ileum and/or large intestine. At the same time, it can also affect any other part of the human body, i.e., from the mouth to the anus. In Crohn's disease, the physiology and functioning of the epithelial barrier are inhibited due to the correlation of various factors, such as the environment, genetic susceptibility or intestinal microbiota. The symptoms are very troublesome and cause a significant reduction in quality of life, sometimes occurring with paralyzing permanent damage to the digestive tract, requiring enteral or parenteral nutrition throughout life. In order to make a proper and accurate diagnosis, an appropriately selected diagnostic path in a given clinical entity is necessary. Standard diagnostic methods are: laboratory examination, histopathological examination, endoscopic examination, X-ray, computed tomography, ultrasound examination and magnetic resonance imaging. Medical biology and the analysis of metalloproteinases have also proved helpful in diagnosing changes occurring as a result of Crohn's disease. Here we provide a thorough review of the latest reports on Crohn's disease and its genetic conditions, symptoms, morphology, diagnosis (including the analysis of Crohn's disease biomarkers, i.e., metalloproteinases) and treatment.
克罗恩病是一种影响回肠和/或大肠的慢性炎症性肠病。同时，它也可影响人体的任何其他部位，即从口腔到肛门。在克罗恩病中，由于各种因素（如环境、遗传易感性或肠道微生物群）之间的相互关联，上皮屏障的生理功能受到抑制。其症状非常棘手，会导致生活质量显著下降，有时还会出现使消化道永久性受损的麻痹症状，需要终身进行肠内或肠外营养。为了做出正确且准确的诊断，在特定临床病例中选择合适的诊断途径很有必要。标准的诊断方法包括：实验室检查、组织病理学检查、内镜检查、X射线检查、计算机断层扫描、超声检查和磁共振成像。医学生物学以及金属蛋白酶分析在诊断克罗恩病引发的病变方面也已证明很有帮助。在此，我们对有关克罗恩病及其遗传状况、症状、形态学、诊断（包括克罗恩病生物标志物即金属蛋白酶的分析）和治疗的最新报告进行全面综述。
