Carroll Margaret, Gallagher Louise, Clarke Mike, Millar Sally, Begley Cecily
Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Midwifery. 2015 Jun;31(6):640-6. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2015.03.002. Epub 2015 Mar 11.
despite the well-documented benefits of breast feeding to both mother and child, breast-feeding initiation rates in Ireland are the second lowest in Europe. This study set out to explore the views of women from low socio-economic groups in Ireland on their choice to feed their infants artificial milk, and to elicit factors that may encourage these women to breast feed in the future.
a qualitative descriptive approach was used.
data were collected through recorded focus groups and individual interviews, using a semi-structured interview schedule. Data were transcribed verbatim.
interviews took place in two regions in the Republic of Ireland, north and south.
a purposive sample was drawn from the population of 2572 women taking part in the Irish Infant Feeding Study who had never breast fed previously, had intended to, and had, fed this infant artificial milk and who had completed their education before they were 18 years of age. Two focus groups with two women in each were conducted and six women took part in individual interviews.
constant comparative analysis was performed to construct the categories and concepts that led to the final themes.
these artificial milk-feeding women based their infant feeding decision on many social and experiential factors. The major influences on their decisions were: personal attitudes toward feeding methods, and external influences on infant feeding methods. Attitudes towards other women and feeding future infants reinforced a strong preference towards artificial milk feeding.
it is apparent that a prevailing culture that is unreceptive to breast feeding and the lack of positive breast-feeding role models, contributed to a strong commitment to artificial milk feeding for these participants. Promotion of breast feeding must take account of the complex contexts in which women make decisions. Advice regarding breast feeding should take account of women׳s feelings and avoid undue pressure, while still promoting the benefits of breast feeding to women and their families.
尽管母乳喂养对母婴双方的益处已有充分记录，但爱尔兰的母乳喂养启动率在欧洲排名倒数第二。本研究旨在探究爱尔兰社会经济地位较低群体的女性对于选择用人工喂养婴儿的看法，并找出可能促使这些女性未来进行母乳喂养的因素。
采用定性描述方法。
通过录制焦点小组和个人访谈收集数据，使用半结构化访谈提纲。数据逐字转录。
访谈在爱尔兰共和国的北部和南部两个地区进行。
从2572名参与爱尔兰婴儿喂养研究的女性中选取了一个有目的的样本，这些女性此前从未进行过母乳喂养，原本打算母乳喂养但实际用人工喂养了婴儿，且在18岁之前完成了学业。进行了两个焦点小组讨论，每组两名女性，还有六名女性参与了个人访谈。
进行持续比较分析以构建最终形成主题的类别和概念。
这些采用人工喂养的女性在做出婴儿喂养决定时考虑了许多社会和经验因素。对她们决定产生主要影响的因素包括：个人对喂养方式的态度以及外界对婴儿喂养方式的影响。对其他女性的态度以及对未来婴儿喂养的态度强化了她们对人工喂养的强烈偏好。
显然，一种不接受母乳喂养的主流文化以及缺乏积极的母乳喂养榜样，导致这些参与者坚定地选择人工喂养。促进母乳喂养必须考虑到女性做出决策的复杂背景。关于母乳喂养的建议应考虑女性的感受，避免施加不当压力，同时仍要宣传母乳喂养对女性及其家庭的益处。
