Taoka Rikiya, Williams Stephen B, Ho Philip L, Kamat Ashish M
Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
Can Urol Assoc J. 2015 Mar-Apr;9(3-4):E109-13. doi: 10.5489/cuaj.2435.
We investigate the cytocidal effect of water on bladder cancer cells. Intraperitoneal lavage with sterile water is sometimes used during radical cystectomy to lyse cancer cells that might have escaped the surgical specimen. The efficacy of this approach at the cellular level is unknown.
Three bladder cancer cell lines of varying grade, RT4, TCCSUP and T24 were exposed to sterile water, and morphological changes were closely observed under microscopy. Changes of cell membrane integrity, cell viability, and cell number of re-incubated cells after water exposure were measured to determine water induced hypotonic shock.
The low-grade RT4 cells started swelling immediately upon exposure to water followed by rupture within 3 minutes. The higher grade TCCSUP and T24 cells demonstrated limited hypotonic swelling with significantly less cell rupture after 10 minutes. The damage to cell membrane of RT4 cells was evident at 1 minute; only 10.0% of cells were intact at 10 minutes. On the other hand, 41.9% and 77.8% of TCCSUP and T24 cells were intact at 10 minutes, respectively. Percentage of viable cells at 10 minutes was 2.1 ± 2.3%, 2.3 ± 0.4%, and 16.1 ± 0.6% for RT4, TCCSUP, and T24, respectively.
Cytocidal effect of hypotonic shock can be achieved, to varying degrees, by exposing bladder cancer cells to water for at least 10 minutes. This in vitro study may have bearing on the effects seen with intraperitoneal lavage using sterile water during radical cystectomy.
我们研究了水对膀胱癌细胞的杀伤作用。在根治性膀胱切除术中，有时会使用无菌水进行腹腔灌洗，以溶解可能从手术标本中逃逸的癌细胞。这种方法在细胞水平上的疗效尚不清楚。
将三种不同分级的膀胱癌细胞系RT4、TCCSUP和T24暴露于无菌水中，在显微镜下密切观察形态变化。测量暴露于水后再培养细胞的细胞膜完整性、细胞活力和细胞数量的变化，以确定水诱导的低渗性休克。
低分级的RT4细胞在接触水后立即开始肿胀，3分钟内破裂。高分级的TCCSUP和T24细胞在10分钟后表现出有限的低渗性肿胀，细胞破裂明显减少。RT4细胞的细胞膜损伤在1分钟时就很明显；10分钟时只有10.0%的细胞保持完整。另一方面，TCCSUP和T24细胞在10分钟时分别有41.9%和77.8%保持完整。RT4、TCCSUP和T24细胞在10分钟时的活细胞百分比分别为2.1±2.3%、2.3±0.4%和16.1±0.6%。
将膀胱癌细胞暴露于水中至少10分钟，可以不同程度地实现低渗性休克的杀伤作用。这项体外研究可能与根治性膀胱切除术中使用无菌水进行腹腔灌洗的效果有关。
