Viar-Paxton Megan A, Ebesutani Chad, Kim Eun Ha, Ollendick Thomas, Young John, Olatunji Bunmi O
Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University.
Department of Psychology, Duksung Women's University.
Psychol Assess. 2015 Sep;27(3):1082-96. doi: 10.1037/a0038925. Epub 2015 Apr 6.
Although disgust sensitivity (DS) has been implicated in the development of anxiety disorders in children, the absence of a measure of DS specifically for children has not allowed for an adequate test of this claim. To fill this important gap in the literature, this investigation presents a series of studies on the development and examination of the psychometric properties (including reliability, validity, and factor structure) of scores on a newly developed Child Disgust Scale (CDS). Exploratory factor analysis in Study 1 (N = 1,500) found that a bifactor model, which allows for a "g" DS factor in addition to 2 distinct factors of Disgust Avoidance and Disgust Affect, was the best fit for the data. Study 2 (N = 573) confirmed a two-factor bifactor model above and beyond a 1-factor model that controlled for method effects due to reverse-worded items. Results from Study 3 (N = 50) provided support for convergent and discriminant validity such that scores on the CDS were significantly correlated with measures of anxiety and fear, but not depression. Finally, Study 4 (N = 86) found that the CDS differentiated children with a diagnosis of specific phobia (n = 43) from a matched nonclinical community sample of children (n = 43), such that those with a specific phobia reported greater DS compared with controls. Results from these studies suggest that the CDS is a developmentally appropriate measure with good psychometric properties that can aid research on the role of disgust sensitivity in anxiety-related disorders in children.
尽管厌恶敏感性（DS）被认为与儿童焦虑症的发展有关，但由于缺乏专门针对儿童的DS测量方法，无法对这一说法进行充分检验。为了填补文献中的这一重要空白，本研究对新开发的儿童厌恶量表（CDS）分数的心理测量特性（包括信度、效度和因子结构）进行了一系列的开发和检验研究。研究1（N = 1500）的探索性因子分析发现，双因子模型最适合数据，该模型除了厌恶回避和厌恶情感这两个不同因子外，还允许一个“g”DS因子。研究2（N = 573）证实了上述双因子双因素模型优于控制反向措辞项目方法效应的单因素模型。研究3（N = 50）的结果为聚合效度和区分效度提供了支持，即CDS分数与焦虑和恐惧测量显著相关，但与抑郁无关。最后，研究4（N = 86）发现，CDS能够区分诊断为特定恐惧症的儿童（n = 43）和匹配的非临床社区儿童样本（n = 43）中的儿童，即患有特定恐惧症的儿童与对照组相比报告了更高的DS。这些研究结果表明，CDS是一种在发展上合适的测量方法，具有良好的心理测量特性，有助于研究厌恶敏感性在儿童焦虑相关障碍中的作用。
