Gallagher Patrick, King Heather A, Haga Susanne B, Orlando Lori A, Joy Scott V, Trujillo Gloria M, Scott William Michael, Bembe Marylou, Creighton Dana L, Cho Alex H, Ginsburg Geoffrey S, Vorderstrasse Allison
a Altisource, Inc. , Winston-Salem , North Carolina , USA.
J Health Commun. 2015;20(6):728-35. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2015.1018563. Epub 2015 Apr 6.
Type 2 diabetes is a major health burden in the United States, and population trends suggest this burden will increase. High interest in, and increased availability of, testing for genetic risk of type 2 diabetes presents a new opportunity for reducing type 2 diabetes risk for many patients; however, to date, there is little evidence that genetic testing positively affects type 2 diabetes prevention. Genetic information may not fit patients' illness representations, which may reduce the chances of risk-reducing behavior changes. The present study aimed to examine illness representations in a clinical sample who are at risk for type 2 diabetes and interested in genetic testing. The authors used the Common Sense Model to analyze survey responses of 409 patients with type 2 diabetes risk factors. Patients were interested in genetic testing for type 2 diabetes risk and believed in its importance. Most patients believed that genetic factors are important to developing type 2 diabetes (67%), that diet and exercise are effective in preventing type 2 diabetes (95%), and that lifestyle changes are more effective than drugs (86%). Belief in genetic causality was not related to poorer self-reported health behaviors. These results suggest that patients' interest in genetic testing for type 2 diabetes might produce a teachable moment that clinicians can use to counsel behavior change.
2型糖尿病是美国的一项重大健康负担，而且人口趋势表明这一负担将会加重。对2型糖尿病遗传风险检测的高度关注以及此类检测可用性的提高，为降低许多患者患2型糖尿病的风险带来了新机遇；然而，迄今为止，几乎没有证据表明基因检测能对2型糖尿病预防产生积极影响。基因信息可能不符合患者对疾病的认知，这可能会减少降低风险行为改变的几率。本研究旨在调查有患2型糖尿病风险且对基因检测感兴趣的临床样本中的疾病认知情况。作者运用常识模型分析了409名有2型糖尿病风险因素患者的调查回复。患者对2型糖尿病风险的基因检测感兴趣，并认为其很重要。大多数患者认为基因因素对患2型糖尿病很重要（67%），饮食和运动对预防2型糖尿病有效（95%），且生活方式改变比药物更有效（86%）。对基因因果关系的认知与较差的自我报告健康行为无关。这些结果表明，患者对2型糖尿病基因检测的兴趣可能会带来一个可利用的时机，临床医生可借此为行为改变提供咨询。
