Stamenković Zorana, Raičković Vanja, Ristić Vladimir
Srp Arh Celok Lek. 2015 Jan-Feb;143(1-2):12-5. doi: 10.2298/sarh1502012s.
The effects of orthodontic treatment are considered to be successful if the facial harmony is achieved, while the structures of soft tissue profile are in harmony with skeletal structures of neurocranium and viscerocranium. In patients with skeletal distal bite caused by mandibular retrognathism, facial esthetics is disturbed often, in terms of pronounced convexity of the profile and change in the position and relationship of the lips.
The aim of this study was to determine the extent of soft tissue profile changes in patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion treated with three different orthodontic appliances: Fränkel functional regulator type I (FR-I), Balters' Bionator type I and Hotz appliance.
The study included 60 patients diagnosed with skeletal Class II malocclusion caused by mandibular retrognathism, in the period of early mixed dentition. Each subgroup of 20 patients was treated with a variety of orthodontic appliances. On the lateral cephalogram, before and after treatment, the following parameters were analyzed:T angle, H angle, the height of the upper lip, the position of the upper and lower lip in relation to the esthetic line.Within the statistical analysis the mean, maximum, minimum, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, two-factor analysis of variance with repeated measures and the factor analysis of variance were calculated using ANOVA, Bonferroni test and Student's t-test.
A significant decrease of angles T and H was noticed in the application of FR-I, from 21.60° to 17.15°, and from 16.45° to 13.40° (p < 0.001). FR-I decreased the height of the upper lip from 26.15 mm to 25.85 mm, while Hotz appliance and Balters' Bionator type I increased the height of the upper lip, thereby deteriorating esthetics of the patient.
All used orthodontic appliances lead to changes in soft tissue profile in terms of improving facial esthetics, with the most distinctive changes in the application of Fränkel's functional regulator type I, which is the most successful appliance for achieving the overall facial harmony of the patient.
如果实现了面部和谐，且软组织侧貌结构与脑颅和面颅的骨骼结构相协调，那么正畸治疗的效果就被认为是成功的。在下颌后缩导致骨骼性远中咬合的患者中，面部美学常常受到干扰，表现为侧貌明显凸度增加以及嘴唇位置和关系的改变。
本研究的目的是确定使用三种不同正畸矫治器（弗兰克尔I型功能调节器（FR-I）、巴尔特斯I型生物调节器和霍茨矫治器）治疗的骨骼II类错牙合患者软组织侧貌变化的程度。
该研究纳入了60例在乳牙混合早期被诊断为下颌后缩导致骨骼II类错牙合的患者。每组20例患者接受了不同的正畸矫治器治疗。在治疗前后的头颅侧位片上，分析以下参数：T角、H角、上唇高度、上唇和下唇相对于审美线的位置。在统计分析中，使用方差分析（ANOVA）、邦费罗尼检验和学生t检验计算均值、最大值、最小值、标准差、变异系数、重复测量的双因素方差分析和方差因素分析。
在使用FR-I矫治器时，T角和H角显著减小，从21.60°降至17.15°，从16.45°降至13.40°（p<0.001）。FR-I使上唇高度从26.15mm降至25.85mm，而霍茨矫治器和巴尔特斯I型生物调节器则使上唇高度增加，从而使患者的美观度下降。
所有使用的正畸矫治器都能改善面部美观，导致软组织侧貌发生变化，其中弗兰克尔I型功能调节器的变化最为显著，它是实现患者整体面部和谐最成功的矫治器。
