Yu Stella M, Newport-Berra McHale, Liu Jihong
Division of Research, Office of Epidemiology & Research, Maternal & Child Health Bureau, Health Resources & Services Administration, 10-77, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857.
J Sch Health. 2015 May;85(5):281-8. doi: 10.1111/josh.12255.
Structured out-of-school time (OST) activities are associated with positive academic and psychosocial outcomes.
Data came from the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health, restricted to 36,132 youth aged 12-17 years. Logistic regression models were used to examine the joint effects of race/ethnicity and immigrant family type on the participation in OST activities.
Compared with US-born (USB) non-Hispanic White youth with USB parents, USB Hispanic youth with USB parents were less likely to participate in sports, whereas non-Hispanic Black youth with immigrant parents were more likely to participate in sports. White youth with at least 1 immigrant parent had higher odds of participating in after-school clubs. All Hispanic youth were less likely to participate in after-school clubs. USB Hispanic youth, USB Black youth, and White youth and "other" youth with at least 1 immigrant parent had higher odds of engaging in community services. Youth from immigrant families had lower odds of doing paid work.
Hispanic youth were less likely to participate in OST activities. Non-Hispanic youth with immigrant parents did not engage in fewer OST activities compared with USB White youth with USB parents. Intervention and recruitment strategies for OST activities may need to be customized for immigrant groups.
有组织的校外时间（OST）活动与积极的学业和心理社会成果相关。
数据来自2007年全国儿童健康调查，限于36132名年龄在12至17岁的青少年。使用逻辑回归模型来检验种族/族裔和移民家庭类型对参与OST活动的联合影响。
与父母为美国本土出生（USB）的非西班牙裔白人青少年相比，父母为USB的西班牙裔青少年参与体育活动的可能性较小，而父母为移民的非西班牙裔黑人青少年参与体育活动的可能性更大。至少有一位移民父母的白人青少年参与课外俱乐部的几率更高。所有西班牙裔青少年参与课外俱乐部的可能性较小。父母为USB的西班牙裔青少年、父母为USB的黑人青少年、至少有一位移民父母的白人青少年和“其他”青少年参与社区服务的几率更高。来自移民家庭的青少年从事有偿工作的几率较低。
西班牙裔青少年参与OST活动的可能性较小。与父母为USB的白人青少年相比，父母为移民的非西班牙裔青少年参与的OST活动并不少。OST活动的干预和招募策略可能需要针对移民群体进行定制。
