Mazzeffi Michael, Johnson Kyle, Paciullo Christopher
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Ann Card Anaesth. 2015 Apr-Jun;18(2):202-9. doi: 10.4103/0971-9784.154478.
Ketamine is a unique anesthetic drug that provides analgesia, hypnosis, and amnesia with minimal respiratory and cardiovascular depression. Because of its sympathomimetic properties it would seem to be an excellent choice for patients with depressed ventricular function in cardiac surgery. However, its use has not gained widespread acceptance in adult cardiac surgery patients, perhaps due to its perceived negative psychotropic effects. Despite this limitation, it is receiving renewed interest in the United States as a sedative and analgesic drug for critically ill-patients. In this manuscript, the authors provide an evidence-based clinical review of ketamine use in cardiac surgery patients for intensive care physicians, cardio-thoracic anesthesiologists, and cardio-thoracic surgeons. All MEDLINE indexed clinical trials performed during the last 20 years in adult cardiac surgery patients were included in the review.
氯胺酮是一种独特的麻醉药物，它能提供镇痛、催眠和失忆效果，同时对呼吸和心血管系统的抑制作用最小。由于其拟交感神经特性，它似乎是心脏手术中心室功能不全患者的理想选择。然而，它在成人心脏手术患者中的使用尚未得到广泛认可，这可能是由于其被认为具有不良的精神otropic效应。尽管存在这一局限性，但在美国，它作为重症患者的镇静和镇痛药物正重新受到关注。在本手稿中，作者为重症监护医生、心胸麻醉医生和心胸外科医生提供了一份基于证据的关于氯胺酮在心脏手术患者中使用的临床综述。该综述纳入了过去20年中在成人心脏手术患者中进行的所有MEDLINE索引临床试验。
