Chen Qiang, Quan Xing, Lu Huimin, Fei Pei, Li Ming
Guangji Psychiatric Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
Shanghai Arch Psychiatry. 2015 Feb 25;27(1):36-41. doi: 10.11919/j.issn.1002-0829.214129.
There is ongoing controversy about whether or not internet addiction should be considered a non-substance behavioral addiction (like gambling disorder) and, if so, what diagnostic criteria should be used to define the condition. Current criteria for internet addiction give equal diagnostic weight to the physiological symptoms and the social consequences of internet addiction.
Assess the psychological correlates of social dysfunction among individuals with internet addiction.
A total of 133 students who sought treatment at the Guangji Psychiatric Hospital from July 2011 to December 2013 for psychological problems related to excessive internet use and who currently met Young criteria for internet addiction were identified; 31 of the 38 students who meet rigorous criteria for concurrent internet-related social dysfunction and a random sample of 44 of the 95 students without concurrent social dysfunction completed a battery of psychosocial measures: seven supplementary scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), the Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran perceived parenting scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Trait Coping Style Questionnaire, and the Symptom Checklist 90.
Compared to persons with internet addiction without accompanying social dysfunction, those with social dysfunction had higher levels of interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, and paranoia; lower levels of social responsibility, anxiety, self-control, and family social support; and they were more likely to employ negative coping strategies. There were however, no differences in perceived parenting styles between the two groups.
A relatively small proportion of individuals who meet the physiological markers of internet addiction simultaneously report significant internet-related social dysfunction. There are several psychosocial measures that distinguish persons with internet addiction who do or do not have concurrent social dysfunction. Further research is needed to determine whether or not these are two distinct subtypes of internet addiction and whether or not persons with internet addiction without concurrent social dysfunction should be classified as suffering from a 'mental disorder'.
网络成瘾是否应被视为一种非物质行为成瘾（如赌博障碍），以及如果是，应使用何种诊断标准来定义该病症，目前仍存在争议。当前的网络成瘾标准对网络成瘾的生理症状和社会后果给予同等的诊断权重。
评估网络成瘾个体中社会功能障碍的心理相关因素。
确定了2011年7月至2013年12月期间在广济精神病院因过度使用互联网相关心理问题寻求治疗且目前符合杨氏网络成瘾标准的133名学生；38名符合严格的并发互联网相关社会功能障碍标准的学生中的31名，以及95名无并发社会功能障碍的学生中的44名随机样本完成了一系列心理社会测量：明尼苏达多相人格调查表（MMPI）的七个补充量表、儿童期记忆与人际关系问卷感知养育量表、感知社会支持量表、特质应对方式问卷和症状自评量表90。
与无伴随社会功能障碍的网络成瘾者相比，有社会功能障碍的人在人际敏感性、敌意和偏执方面得分更高；在社会责任、焦虑、自我控制和家庭社会支持方面得分更低；并且他们更有可能采用消极应对策略。然而，两组在感知养育方式上没有差异。
同时符合网络成瘾生理指标的个体中，报告有显著互联网相关社会功能障碍的比例相对较小。有几种心理社会测量方法可以区分有或没有并发社会功能障碍的网络成瘾者。需要进一步研究以确定这些是否是网络成瘾的两种不同亚型，以及无并发社会功能障碍的网络成瘾者是否应被归类为患有“精神障碍”。
