Mahmoud Alaa-El-Dine H
aCommunity Medicine Department, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, KSA bCommunity Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt.
J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 2015 Mar;90(1):35-9. doi: 10.1097/01.EPX.0000460969.93981.c2.
Results from recent reports suggest that the mortality and the morbidity from coronary heart disease (CHD) is leveling, especially in younger adults. Studies conducted in both Saudi Arabia and Egypt, aiming at the estimation of the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among the young population, demonstrated a high prevalence of risk factors.
The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among medical students aged 18-25 years in two Middle East countries (Egypt and Saudi Arabia).
This was a cross-sectional comparative study involving a sample of 360 medical students of both sexes randomly selected from students enrolled into two medical colleges in Saudi Arabia and Egypt.
The prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease was relatively high among both Saudi and Egyptian medical students, particularly a sedentary life style, obesity, and abdominal obesity. Smoking was practiced by 29.7% of both populations. A significantly higher prevalence of obesity and a reported family history of premature CHD were observed among the Saudi students and a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension was found among male Egyptian students as compared with male Saudi students. A relatively high proportion of both populations (23.9% of Saudi students and 16.7% of the Egyptian students) was at an increased risk of developing fatal cardiovascular disease within 10 years.
Apart from the higher prevalence of obesity and reported family history of premature CHD among the Saudi students and the significantly higher prevalence of hypertension among the Egyptian students, there was no statistically significant difference between the risk profiles of both populations. Participatory behavior change programs in medical schools for the adoption of healthy lifestyles, particularly involvement in regular physical activity and smoking cessation are highly recommended.
近期报告结果表明，冠心病（CHD）的死亡率和发病率正在趋于平稳，尤其是在年轻人中。在沙特阿拉伯和埃及开展的旨在估计年轻人群中心血管危险因素患病率的研究显示，危险因素的患病率很高。
本研究的目的是比较两个中东国家（埃及和沙特阿拉伯）18至25岁医学生心血管危险因素的患病率。
这是一项横断面比较研究，样本包括从沙特阿拉伯和埃及两所医学院注册的学生中随机抽取的360名男女医学生。
沙特和埃及医学生中，心血管疾病危险因素的患病率相对较高，尤其是久坐的生活方式、肥胖和腹型肥胖。两个群体中均有29.7%的人吸烟。与沙特男学生相比，沙特学生中肥胖患病率和报告的早发性冠心病家族史显著更高，埃及男学生中高血压患病率显著更高。两个群体中相当一部分人（沙特学生为23.9%，埃及学生为16.7%）在10年内发生致命心血管疾病的风险增加。
除了沙特学生中肥胖患病率和报告的早发性冠心病家族史较高，以及埃及学生中高血压患病率显著更高外，两个群体的风险状况之间没有统计学上的显著差异。强烈建议在医学院校开展参与式行为改变项目，以采用健康的生活方式，特别是参与定期体育活动和戒烟。
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