Sato A, Endoh K, Kaneko T
Department of Environmental Health, Medical University of Yamanashi.
Sangyo Igaku. 1989 Sep;31(5):348-54. doi: 10.1539/joh1959.31.348.
Toxicokinetic behaviors of trichloroetylene were analyzed by using a physiological simulation model and the effects of physical activity (work load), body fat content and alcohol consumption on the uptake, distribution and excretion of this solvent were studied. This simulation study was not intended to predict the exact kinetic behavior of trichloroethylene in man, but to show how a physiological pharmacokinetic model is used to elucidate some aspects of individual differences in the kinetics of organic solvent vapors in human exposure. The following results were obtained: 1. Physical activity of 50 W during exposure greatly increases the blood concentration of trichloroethylene and the urinary excretion of its metabolites, whereas the activity after exposure exerts only a marginal influence. 2. Body fat content substantially affects the kinetic behavior of trichloroethylene only when the blood flow through fat tissue is assumed to increase according to the increase in body fat volume. In general, both blood concentration of trichloroethylene and urinary excretion rate of its metabolites are higher in slim men than in obese men during exposure, and the relationship is reversed between obese and slim men after exposure. 3. Ethanol-induced inhibition of trichloroethylene metabolism causes a marked change in the kinetic behavior when trichloroethylene exposure level is low, whereas the greater is the effect of ethanol-induced enhancement of metabolism, the higher the exposure level.
利用生理模拟模型分析了三氯乙烯的毒代动力学行为，并研究了体力活动（工作量）、体脂含量和酒精摄入对该溶剂吸收、分布和排泄的影响。本模拟研究并非旨在预测三氯乙烯在人体中的精确动力学行为，而是展示如何使用生理药代动力学模型来阐明人体接触有机溶剂蒸气时动力学方面的个体差异。获得了以下结果：1. 接触期间50瓦的体力活动会大幅增加三氯乙烯的血药浓度及其代谢物的尿排泄量，而接触后的活动仅产生微小影响。2. 仅当假设流经脂肪组织的血流量随体脂体积增加而增加时，体脂含量才会对三氯乙烯的动力学行为产生实质性影响。一般来说，接触期间瘦男性的三氯乙烯血药浓度及其代谢物的尿排泄率均高于肥胖男性，接触后肥胖男性和瘦男性之间的关系则相反。3. 当三氯乙烯接触水平较低时，乙醇诱导的三氯乙烯代谢抑制会导致动力学行为发生显著变化，而乙醇诱导的代谢增强作用越大，接触水平越高。
