Al Abdulsalam Omar, Al Habash Ahmed, Malik Faisal, Aldamanhori Inaam
Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Hospital-Al Ahsa-National Guard Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2015 Jan-Mar;29(1):81-4. doi: 10.1016/j.sjopt.2014.09.012. Epub 2014 Oct 2.
The non-parenchymal central nervous system's (CNS) involvement in Behcet's disease (BD) is considered rare. We herein report a case of BD complicated by intracranial hypertension (ICH) due to cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) in a 25-year-old Saudi male. Our patient presented with a four-week history of increasingly severe headache, nausea and diplopia, which were preceded by previous recurrent intermittent oral and genital ulcers, history suggestive of acneiform lesions and arthralgia over the past two years. Ophthalmic examination disclosed normal visual acuity (20/20) in both eyes with bilateral 6th nerve palsy and papilledema. Both eyes showed no signs of anterior or posterior segment inflammation. Oral and genital ulcers were found on physical examination with no other lesions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance venography (MRV) of the brain showed lack of flow in the right transverse and sigmoid dural sinuses suggestive of venous thrombosis. On lumbar puncture, the opening pressure was greatly raised. After a comprehensive screening for prothrombotic conditions, a diagnosis of BD with ICH due to CVT was made. The patient was then treated by oral prednisolone, azathioprine, colchicine, cyclosporine, as well as anticoagulation, which resulted in significant clinical improvement.
白塞病(BD)中非实质中枢神经系统(CNS)受累被认为较为罕见。我们在此报告一例25岁沙特男性白塞病合并因脑静脉血栓形成(CVT)导致的颅内高压(ICH)病例。我们的患者有四周日益严重的头痛、恶心和复视病史,在此之前有反复间歇性口腔和生殖器溃疡病史,过去两年有痤疮样皮损和关节痛病史。眼科检查显示双眼视力正常(20/20),双侧第六神经麻痹和视乳头水肿。双眼均未显示眼前段或后段炎症迹象。体格检查发现口腔和生殖器溃疡,无其他病变。脑部磁共振成像(MRI)和磁共振静脉血管造影(MRV)显示右侧横窦和乙状窦硬膜窦血流缺失,提示静脉血栓形成。腰椎穿刺时,初压显著升高。在对血栓前状态进行全面筛查后,诊断为白塞病合并因CVT导致的ICH。然后该患者接受口服泼尼松龙、硫唑嘌呤、秋水仙碱、环孢素以及抗凝治疗,临床症状有显著改善。