Sidhu Kaveri, Kapoor Neetu Rohit, Pandey Vijaya, Kumar Vijay
Virology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) , New Delhi , India.
Front Oncol. 2015 Mar 25;5:68. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00068. eCollection 2015.
Hepatotropic viruses such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the major etiological agents associated with development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Progression of HCC is a multistep process that requires sequential or parallel deregulation of oncogenic and tumor suppressive pathways leading to chromosomal instability and neoplastic phenotype. In the recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have carved their own niche alongside oncogenes and tumor suppressors, owing to their innate ability to receive and relay multiple signals. Not surprisingly, miRNAs are fast emerging as central player in myriads of malignancies including HCC. miRNAs are reported to participate in initiation and progression of HCC, and have also been clinically correlated with risk assessment, disease grade, aggressiveness, and prognosis. Despite extensive data available on the role of miRNAs in HCC, there is a pressing need to integrate and evaluate these datasets to find its correlation, if any, with causal agents in order to devise novel interventional modalities. Through this review, we attempt to bridge the gap by consolidating the current knowledge and concepts in the field of HCC-related miRNAs with special emphasis on HBV and HCV. Further, we assess the potential of common as well as unique signatures that may be useful in developing novel biomarkers and therapeutics.
嗜肝病毒，如乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV），是与肝细胞癌（HCC）发生相关的主要病原体。HCC的进展是一个多步骤过程，需要致癌和肿瘤抑制途径的顺序或平行失调，从而导致染色体不稳定和肿瘤表型。近年来，微小RNA（miRNA）凭借其接收和传递多种信号的内在能力，在癌基因和肿瘤抑制因子中占据了一席之地。不出所料，miRNA正迅速成为包括HCC在内的众多恶性肿瘤的核心参与者。据报道，miRNA参与HCC的发生和发展，并且在临床上也与风险评估、疾病分级、侵袭性和预后相关。尽管有大量关于miRNA在HCC中作用的数据，但迫切需要整合和评估这些数据集，以找到其与病原体的相关性（如果有的话），从而设计新的干预方式。通过这篇综述，我们试图通过巩固HCC相关miRNA领域的现有知识和概念来弥合差距，特别强调HBV和HCV。此外，我们评估了常见和独特特征在开发新型生物标志物和治疗方法方面的潜力。
