Lomako V V, Shilo A V, Kovalenko I F, Babiĭchuk G A
Zh Evol Biokhim Fiziol. 2015 Jan-Feb;51(1):52-9.
By the low-angle light scattering technique there are revealed peculiarities of dynamics of transformation (osmotic fragility, level of hemolysis and ratio of forms by index of sphericity) of erythrocytes of hetero- (golden hamsters Mesocricetus auratus) and homoiothermal (white rats Rattus norbegicus) animals in natural hibernation and suspended animation, craniocerebral and immersion hypothermia. In control in hamsters the osmotic fragility and the level of hemolysis of erythrocytes were higher than in rats, predominant were modified forms (in particular stomatocytes). Under artificial hypothermia, regardless of the way of achievement, depth and duration, we observed changes similar in direction, but different in expression: the osmotic fragility and hemolysis increased, the portion of discocytes decreased (especially sharply in hamsters under suspended animation), the number of changed erythrocytic forms rose. In contrast, under hiberation the osmotic fragility, hemolysis and the amount of stomatocytes declined, the portion of discocytes increased, but at the same time the amount of prehemolytic forms (spherocytes) rose too. In 24 hs there occurred a decrease of osmotic fragility (after suspended animation more pronounced in hamsters) and the level of hemolysis (especially after immersion hypothermia), the portion of discocytes was restored, in hamsters after suspended animation and in rats after immersion hypothermia it even exceeded the control level; spherocytes in blood of hamsters were not revealed, in rats they were elevated. Possibly, the observed qualitative change of population of spherocytes 24 h after hypothermia toward its homogeneity is determined not only at the level of elimination of old and defected cells, activation of erythropoiesis, the appearance of highly resistant erythrocytes, but also at the level of time membrane-stabilizing mechanisms.
通过低角度光散射技术揭示了异温动物（金黄仓鼠Mesocricetus auratus）和恒温动物（大白鼠Rattus norbegicus）在自然冬眠、假死、颅脑低温和浸没低温状态下红细胞转化动力学的特点（渗透脆性、溶血水平和球形指数所反映的形态比例）。在对照组中，仓鼠红细胞的渗透脆性和溶血水平高于大鼠，主要是变形形式（特别是口形细胞）。在人工低温状态下，无论实现方式、深度和持续时间如何，我们观察到方向相似但表达不同的变化：渗透脆性和溶血增加，双凹圆盘状红细胞比例下降（特别是在假死状态下的仓鼠中下降明显），形态改变的红细胞数量增加。相反，在冬眠状态下，渗透脆性、溶血和口形细胞数量下降，双凹圆盘状红细胞比例增加，但同时预溶血形式（球形红细胞）数量也增加。在24小时内，渗透脆性下降（假死状态下的仓鼠下降更明显），溶血水平下降（特别是浸没低温后），双凹圆盘状红细胞比例恢复，假死状态下的仓鼠和浸没低温后的大鼠中该比例甚至超过对照组水平；仓鼠血液中未发现球形红细胞，大鼠中其数量增加。可能，低温24小时后观察到的球形红细胞群体定性变化向其同质性的转变不仅取决于衰老和缺陷细胞的清除水平、红细胞生成的激活、高抗性红细胞的出现，还取决于时间性膜稳定机制水平。
