Leggett R, Giussani A
Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Building 1509, Room 205 Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
J Radiol Prot. 2015 Jun;35(2):297-315. doi: 10.1088/0952-4746/35/2/297. Epub 2015 Apr 10.
This paper reviews biokinetic data for technetium and proposes a biokinetic model for systemic technetium in adult humans. The development of parameter values focuses on data for pertechnetate TcO(-)(4) the most commonly encountered form of technetium and the form expected to be present in body fluids. The model is intended as a default model for occupational or environmental intake of technetium, i.e. applicable in the absence of form- or site-specific information. Tissues depicted explicitly in the model include thyroid, salivary glands, stomach wall, right colon wall, liver, kidneys, and bone. Compared with the ICRP's current biokinetic model for occupational or environmental intake of technetium (ICRP 1993, 1994), the proposed model provides a more detailed and biologically realistic description of the systemic behaviour of technetium and is based on a broader set of experimental and medical data. For acute input of (99m)Tc (T(1/2) = 6.02 h) to blood, the ratios of cumulative (time-integrated) activity predicted by the current ICRP model to that predicted by the proposed model range from 0.4-7 for systemic regions addressed explicitly in both models. For acute input of (99)Tc (T(1/2) = 2.1 × 10(5) year) to blood, the corresponding ratios range from 0.2-30.
本文回顾了锝的生物动力学数据，并提出了成人全身锝的生物动力学模型。参数值的确定主要基于高锝酸盐TcO(-)(4)的数据，这是锝最常见的形式，也是预期存在于体液中的形式。该模型旨在作为职业或环境中锝摄入的默认模型，即在缺乏特定形式或部位信息时适用。模型中明确描述的组织包括甲状腺、唾液腺、胃壁、右结肠壁、肝脏、肾脏和骨骼。与国际辐射防护委员会（ICRP）目前关于职业或环境中锝摄入的生物动力学模型（ICRP 1993, 1994）相比，所提出的模型对锝的全身行为提供了更详细、更符合生物学实际的描述，并且基于更广泛的实验和医学数据。对于向血液急性输入(99m)Tc（T(1/2) = 6.02 h），在两个模型中都明确涉及的全身区域，ICRP当前模型预测的累积（时间积分）活度与所提出模型预测的累积活度之比在0.4至7之间。对于向血液急性输入(99)Tc（T(1/2) = 2.1×10(5)年），相应的比值在0.2至30之间。
