Penning Susan Louise, Bhagwanjee Anil, Govender Kaymarlin
a Department of Psychology , University of Kwa-Zulu Natal , Howard College , Durban , 4041 , South Africa.
J Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2010 Dec;22(2):131-43. doi: 10.2989/17280583.2010.528580.
This study investigated the nature and extent of the relationship between bullying and trauma among male adolescent learners. Trauma was operationalised through the multiple constructs of post-traumatic stress, anxiety, depression, dissociation and anger.
In this quantitative study, two objective measures were administered (viz. the Olweus Bullying/ Victimisation Scale and the Trauma Symptom Checklist for children) to a sample of male adolescent learners between the ages of 12 and 17, from a South African male-only high school (n = 486).
Statistical analysis (correlational analysis and MANOVA) produced evidence to suggest that there was a statistically significant relationship between bullying and trauma, and this was strongest for the victim role. The relationship between bullying and trauma was dependent on the frequency of bullying; as the frequency of being bullied increased so too did the mean scores of all the five trauma subscales. In general, the findings indicated that learners presented with elevated levels of internalising trauma outcomes. Depression demonstrated the highest correlation with the victim role, followed by Posttraumatic stress. In addition, 22.4% of learners could be clinically and sub-clinically diagnosed with post-traumatic stress and 21.0% with dissociation. Overall, the findings corroborate the argument that repetitive stressful events (such as bullying) are related to symptom-clusters of ongoing trauma.
本研究调查了男性青少年学习者中欺凌与创伤之间关系的性质和程度。创伤通过创伤后应激、焦虑、抑郁、解离和愤怒等多种构念来进行衡量。
在这项定量研究中，对来自南非一所男子高中（n = 486）的12至17岁男性青少年学习者样本进行了两项客观测量（即奥维斯欺凌/受欺负量表和儿童创伤症状检查表）。
统计分析（相关分析和多变量方差分析）表明，欺凌与创伤之间存在统计学上的显著关系，且这种关系在受害者角色中最为强烈。欺凌与创伤之间的关系取决于欺凌的频率；随着受欺负频率的增加，所有五个创伤子量表的平均得分也随之增加。总体而言，研究结果表明学习者表现出内化创伤结果的水平升高。抑郁与受害者角色的相关性最高，其次是创伤后应激。此外，22.4%的学习者在临床和亚临床水平上可被诊断为创伤后应激障碍，21.0%可被诊断为解离障碍。总体而言，研究结果证实了重复性应激事件（如欺凌）与持续性创伤症状群相关的观点。
