Moore J W, Kirby W C, Madden W A, Gaither N S
Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307-5001.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1989 Dec;98(6):1045-50.
Two patients with complex cyanotic congenital heart disease and without previous Glenn anastomosis underwent modified Fontan operations. Postoperatively, pulmonary arteriovenous malformations developed that resulted in cyanosis from significant intrapulmonary right-to-left shunting. These malformations were detected by pulmonary angiograms and contrast echocardiograms. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations may be a major cause of late clinical deterioration in patients treated with modified Fontan operations.
