赌博障碍及其与物质使用障碍的关系：对疾病分类修订和治疗的启示。
Gambling disorder and its relationship with substance use disorders: implications for nosological revisions and treatment.
作者信息
Grant Jon E, Chamberlain Samuel R
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Department of Psychiatry and MRC/Wellcome Trust Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
出版信息
Am J Addict. 2015 Mar;24(2):126-131. doi: 10.1111/ajad.12112.
BACKGROUND
Gambling disorder, recognized by the DSM-5 as a behavioral addiction, affects .4-1.6% of adults worldwide, and is highly comorbid with other mental health disorders, particularly substance use disorders (SUDs).
OBJECTIVES
To provide a concise primer on the relationship between gambling disorder and SUDs, focusing on phenomenology/clinical presentation, co-morbidity, familiality, cognition, neuroanatomy/neurochemistry, and treatment.
METHODS
Selective review of the literature.
RESULTS
Scientific evidence shows that gambling and SUDs have consistently high rates of comorbidity, similar clinical presentations, and some genetic and physiological overlap. Several treatment approaches show promise for gambling disorder, some of which have previously been effective for SUDs.
SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE
It is hoped that recognition of overlap between gambling disorder and SUDs in terms of phenomenology and neurobiology will signal novel treatment approaches and raise the profile of this neglected condition.
背景
赌博障碍被《精神疾病诊断与统计手册（第5版）》认定为一种行为成瘾，影响着全球0.4%至1.6%的成年人，且与其他心理健康障碍高度共病，尤其是物质使用障碍（SUDs）。
目的
提供一份关于赌博障碍与物质使用障碍之间关系的简明入门指南，重点关注现象学/临床表现、共病情况、家族性、认知、神经解剖学/神经化学以及治疗。
方法
对文献进行选择性综述。
结果
科学证据表明，赌博与物质使用障碍的共病率一直很高，临床表现相似，且存在一些遗传和生理上的重叠。几种治疗方法对赌博障碍显示出前景，其中一些方法此前对物质使用障碍有效。
科学意义
希望认识到赌博障碍与物质使用障碍在现象学和神经生物学方面的重叠，将为新的治疗方法指明方向，并提高对这种被忽视疾病的关注度。
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