Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2023 Nov;37(7):928-935. doi: 10.1037/adb0000870. Epub 2022 Jul 25.
The present study investigates the rates of co-occurrence among food addiction (FA), problematic substance use (alcohol, cannabis, cigarettes, nicotine vaping), parental history of problematic alcohol use, and obesity as an important step to understanding whether an addictive-like eating phenotype exists.
A community sample of 357 U.S. adults (49.7% male, 77.6% White, 40.7) completed the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS2.0), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, the Cannabis Use Disorders Identification Test, the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, the E-Cigarette Dependence Scale, the Family Tree Questionnaire, and demographic/self-report body mass index questions through Amazon Mechanical Turk. Risk ratios (RRs; unadjusted and adjusted for sociodemographic covariates) were calculated using modified Poisson's regression.
Risk of FA was higher in participants with problematic alcohol use (RR = 2.13, 99% CI [1.32, 3.45]), smoking (RR = 1.86, 99% CI [0.82, 3.36]), cannabis use (unadjusted; RR = 2.22, 99% CI [1.17, 4.18]), vaping (RR = 2.71, 99% CI [1.75, 4.21]), and parental history of problematic alcohol use (RR = 2.35, 99% CI [1.46, 3.79]). Risk of FA in participants with obesity was only higher in adjusted models (RR = 1.87, 99% CI [1.06, 3.27]). Obesity was not significantly associated with problematic substance use and parental history of problematic alcohol use.
FA, but not obesity, co-occurred with problematic substance use and a parental history of problematic alcohol use. Results support the conceptualization of FA as an addictive disorder. The inclusion of FA as an addictive disorder in diagnostic frameworks is an important area of future consideration. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
本研究旨在调查食物成瘾（FA）、物质使用障碍（酒精、大麻、香烟、尼古丁电子烟）、父母有物质使用障碍史和肥胖的共病率，这是了解是否存在类似成瘾的进食表型的重要一步。
通过亚马逊 Mechanical Turk，我们对 357 名美国成年人（49.7%为男性，77.6%为白人，40.7%为肥胖者）进行了耶鲁食物成瘾量表 2.0（YFAS2.0）、酒精使用障碍识别测试、大麻使用障碍识别测试、尼古丁依赖 Fagerstrom 测试、电子烟依赖量表、家族树问卷以及人口统计学/自我报告体重指数问题的调查。使用修正后的泊松回归计算风险比（RR；未调整和调整社会人口学协变量）。
在有物质使用障碍（RR=2.13，99%CI[1.32, 3.45]）、吸烟（RR=1.86，99%CI[0.82, 3.36]）、大麻使用（未调整；RR=2.22，99%CI[1.17, 4.18]）、电子烟使用（RR=2.71，99%CI[1.75, 4.21]）和父母有物质使用障碍史（RR=2.35，99%CI[1.46, 3.79]）的参与者中，FA 的风险更高。肥胖参与者中，FA 风险仅在调整模型中更高（RR=1.87，99%CI[1.06, 3.27]）。肥胖与物质使用障碍和父母有物质使用障碍史无显著相关性。
FA，但不是肥胖，与物质使用障碍和父母有物质使用障碍史共病。结果支持将 FA 概念化为一种成瘾障碍。将 FA 作为一种成瘾障碍纳入诊断框架是未来需要考虑的一个重要领域。
