Prachar P, Bartakova S, Brezina V, Cvrcek L, Vanek J
Bratisl Lek Listy. 2015;116(3):154-6. doi: 10.4149/bll_2015_031.
The positive cell response to the implant material is reflected by the capacity of cells to divide, which leads to the tissue regeneration and osseointegration. Technically pure titanium and its alloys are mostly used for implant manufacturing. These alloys have the adequate mechanical, physical and biological properties; nevertheless, the superior biocompatibility of bioceramics has been proven. With the arrival of new coating techniques, surface modification of materials used for implants has become a widely investigated issue.
The paper studied properties of titanium nitride (TiN) and zirconium nitride (ZrN) coatings deposited by PVD (Physical Vapour Deposition). Coatings were applied to substrates of pure titanium, Ti6Al4V, Ti35Nb6Ta titanium alloys and CoCrMo dental alloy. Different treatments of substrate surfaces were used: polishing, etching and grit blasting. Cytocompatibility tests assessed the cell colonization and their adherence to substrates.
Results showed that TiN layers deposited by PVD are suitable for coating all substrates studied. The polished samples and those with TiN coating exhibited a higher cell colonization. This coating technique meets the requirements for the biocompatibility of the implanted materials; furthermore, their colour range solves the issue of red aesthetics in oral implantology as the colour of these coatings prevents titanium from showing through the gingiva. This is one the most important criteria for the aesthetic success of implant therapy (Tab. 5, Ref. 18).
细胞对植入材料的阳性反应通过细胞分裂能力得以体现，这会引发组织再生和骨整合。工业纯钛及其合金大多用于制造植入物。这些合金具备足够的机械、物理和生物学特性；然而，生物陶瓷的卓越生物相容性已得到证实。随着新涂层技术的出现，用于植入物的材料表面改性已成为一个广泛研究的课题。
本文研究了通过物理气相沉积（PVD）法沉积的氮化钛（TiN）和氮化锆（ZrN）涂层的性能。涂层被应用于纯钛、Ti6Al4V、Ti35Nb6Ta钛合金以及CoCrMo牙科合金的基底上。对基底表面采用了不同的处理方式：抛光、蚀刻和喷砂处理。细胞相容性测试评估了细胞在基底上的定植及其附着情况。
结果表明，通过PVD法沉积的TiN层适用于所研究的所有基底涂层。经过抛光的样品以及带有TiN涂层的样品表现出更高的细胞定植率。这种涂层技术满足了植入材料生物相容性的要求；此外，它们的颜色范围解决了口腔种植学中红色美学的问题，因为这些涂层的颜色可防止钛透过牙龈显现出来。这是种植治疗美学成功的最重要标准之一（表5，参考文献18）。
