Xiang Wang, Chao Zhang-Yong, Feng Du-Yi
Rev Neurosci. 2015;26(4):407-14. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2014-0067.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important innate immune proteins, and the activation of the TLRs results in the activation of intracellular signaling pathways, leading to the expression of proinflammatory cytokines that are essential to the identification and clearance of invading pathogens. TLR signaling occurs through adaptor proteins, most commonly myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88). It is now known that immune surveillance and inflammatory responses occur in neurodegenerative diseases and TLR/MYD88 signaling plays a critical role in these diseases. The included studies suggest a contribution for this signaling to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple system atrophy, and related disorders. In this review, a discussion of the recent findings in this field is presented.
Toll样受体（TLRs）是重要的天然免疫蛋白，TLRs的激活会导致细胞内信号通路的激活，从而导致促炎细胞因子的表达，这些细胞因子对于识别和清除入侵病原体至关重要。TLR信号通过接头蛋白发生，最常见的是髓样分化初级反应基因88（MyD88）。现在已知免疫监视和炎症反应发生在神经退行性疾病中，TLR/MYD88信号在这些疾病中起关键作用。纳入的研究表明该信号对阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、多系统萎缩及相关疾病的病理生理学有影响。在本综述中，将对该领域的最新发现进行讨论。
