Zhai Long, Cheng Shuo, Zhang Dongfeng
a Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics , Qingdao University Medical College , Qingdao , China.
Nutr Cancer. 2015;67(4):594-602. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1019639. Epub 2015 Apr 15.
Carbohydrate intake has been inconsistently associated with risk of prostate cancer. We review and quantitatively summarize the evidence from observational studies in a meta-analysis. We searched the PubMed database for observational studies related to the association of carbohydrate intake and prostate cancer risk up to December 25, 2013. Summary relative risks (RRs) were estimated by the use of a random effects model. We included 13 case-control studies with 4,367 cases and 6,205 controls, and 5 cohort studies with 3,679 cases and 74,115 participants in this meta-analysis. The summary RR of prostate cancer for the highest vs. the lowest carbohydrate intake was 1.06 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93-1.20, I(2) = 46.8%] for all included studies. In the subgroup analyses stratified by study design, the summary RRs for the highest vs. the lowest carbohydrate intake were 1.04 (95% CI: 0.87-1.23) for case-control studies and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.88-1.28) for cohort studies. For the 5 studies that reported results for advanced prostate cancer, the summary RR was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.71-1.20). This meta-analysis of observational studies indicates that there is no association between carbohydrate intake and prostate cancer risk. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
碳水化合物摄入量与前列腺癌风险之间的关联并不一致。我们在一项荟萃分析中回顾并定量总结了观察性研究的证据。我们在PubMed数据库中搜索了截至2013年12月25日与碳水化合物摄入量和前列腺癌风险关联相关的观察性研究。使用随机效应模型估计汇总相对风险（RRs）。在这项荟萃分析中，我们纳入了13项病例对照研究（4367例病例和6205例对照）以及5项队列研究（3679例病例和74115名参与者）。所有纳入研究中，碳水化合物摄入量最高与最低者相比，前列腺癌的汇总RR为1.06 [95%置信区间（CI）：0.93 - 1.20，I(2) = 46.8%]。在按研究设计分层的亚组分析中，病例对照研究中碳水化合物摄入量最高与最低者相比的汇总RR为1.04（95% CI：0.87 - 1.23），队列研究中为1.06（95% CI：0.88 - 1.28）。对于报告了晚期前列腺癌结果的5项研究，汇总RR为0.92（95% CI：0.71 - 1.20）。这项观察性研究的荟萃分析表明，碳水化合物摄入量与前列腺癌风险之间不存在关联。需要进一步的研究来证实我们的发现。
