Sadowska Edyta T, Stawski Clare, Rudolf Agata, Dheyongera Geoffrey, Chrząścik Katarzyna M, Baliga-Klimczyk Katarzyna, Koteja Paweł
Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30-387, Poland.
Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, Kraków 30-387, Poland
Proc Biol Sci. 2015 May 7;282(1806):20150025. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2015.0025.
A major theme in evolutionary and ecological physiology of terrestrial vertebrates encompasses the factors underlying the evolution of endothermy in birds and mammals and interspecific variation of basal metabolic rate (BMR). Here, we applied the experimental evolution approach and compared BMR in lines of a wild rodent, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus), selected for 11 generations for: high swim-induced aerobic metabolism (A), ability to maintain body mass on a low-quality herbivorous diet (H) and intensity of predatory behaviour towards crickets (P). Four replicate lines were maintained for each of the selection directions and an unselected control (C). In comparison to C lines, A lines achieved a 49% higher maximum rate of oxygen consumption during swimming, H lines lost 1.3 g less mass in the test with low-quality diet and P lines attacked crickets five times more frequently. BMR was significantly higher in A lines than in C or H lines (60.8, 56.6 and 54.4 ml O2 h(-1), respectively), and the values were intermediate in P lines (59.0 ml O2 h(-1)). Results of the selection experiment provide support for the hypothesis of a positive association between BMR and aerobic exercise performance, but not for the association of adaptation to herbivorous diet with either a high or low BMR.
陆地脊椎动物进化与生态生理学的一个主要主题，涵盖了鸟类和哺乳动物中恒温性进化以及基础代谢率（BMR）种间变异的潜在因素。在此，我们采用实验进化方法，比较了野生啮齿动物棕背䶄（Myodes glareolus）在经过11代选择后的基础代谢率，这些选择方向分别为：高游泳诱导有氧代谢（A）、在低质量草食性饮食下维持体重的能力（H）以及对蟋蟀的捕食行为强度（P）。每个选择方向都维持了四个重复品系以及一个未选择的对照品系（C）。与C品系相比，A品系在游泳时的最大耗氧率提高了49%，H品系在低质量饮食测试中体重减少了1.3克，P品系攻击蟋蟀的频率高出五倍。A品系的基础代谢率显著高于C品系或H品系（分别为60.8、56.6和54.4毫升氧气/小时），P品系的值处于中间水平（59.0毫升氧气/小时）。选择实验结果支持了基础代谢率与有氧运动表现呈正相关的假设，但不支持适应草食性饮食与高或低基础代谢率之间存在关联的假设。
